通信与电子信息专业英语 课件 Unit 2 Embedded Systems.pptx

Unit2EmbeddedSystems;2.1IntroductiontoEmbeddedSystems

2.2StructureofanEmbeddedSystem

2.3MicrocontrollersvsMicroprocessors;2.1IntroductiontoEmbeddedSystems;4;5;6;WordsandExpressions;WordsandExpressions;WordsandExpressions;WordsandExpressions;WordsandExpressions;WordsandExpressions;WordsandExpressions;WordsandExpressions;WordsandExpressions;WordsandExpressions;WordsandExpressions;WordsandExpressions;WordsandExpressions;20;21;WordsandExpressions;WordsandExpressions;Backgrounds;TextOutline;Oneoftheearliestelectroniccomputingdevicescreditedwiththeterm“embeddedsystem”andclosertoourpresentconceptionofsuchwastheApolloGuidanceComputer(AGC).

阿波罗制导计算机（AGC）是最早被称为“嵌入式系统”的电子计算设备之一，与我们目前的概念更接近。

OnlineApolloGuidanceComputerSimulator/moonjs/agc.html

;FeaturesofAGC:

auserinterfacemodule

ahardwiredcontrolunit

4KBRAM,and32KBROM

2.048MHzprimaryclock

four16-bitregisters

eleveninstructions

fiveinterrupt

alow-powerstandbymode;ThesystemsoftwareoftheApolloGuidanceComputerwaswritteninAGCassemblylanguageandsupportedanon-preemptivereal-timeoperatingsystemthatcouldsimultaneouslyrunuptoeightprioritizedjobs.

阿波罗制导计算机的系统软件是用AGC汇编语言编写的，支持一个非抢占式实时操作系统，可以同时运行多达八个优先任务。

;Bytheendof1971,almostsimultaneouslyandindependently,designteamsworkingforTexasInstruments,Intel,andtheUSNavyhaddevelopedimplementationsofthefirstmicroprocessors.

到1971年底，为德州仪器、英特尔和美国海军工作的设计团队几乎同时和独立地开发了第一批微处理器的实现。;TITMS1000:Thischipwasa4-bitCPUthatincorporatedinthesamedie1KofROMand256bitsofRAMtoofferacompletecomputerfunctionalityinasingle-chip,makingitthefirstmicrocomputer-on-a-chip(a.k.amicrocontroller).

该芯片是一个4位CPU，单片集成了1K的ROM和256位的RAM，在一个芯片中实现了完整的计算机功能，使其成为第一个片上微型计算机（又称微控制器）。

;Intel4004:The4004,recognizedasthefirstcommercial,stand-alonesinglechipmicroprocessor,waslaunchedbyIntelinNovember1971.

Thisdesignwasalsoa4-bi