通信与电子信息专业英语 课件 Unit 3 Integrated Circuits.pptx

Unit3IntegratedCircuits

3.1Introduction

3.2PNJunctionandDiode

3.3Transistor

3.4FPGA2

3.1IntroductionWordsandExpressionsBackgroundsText3

WordsandExpressionsmicroelectronic adj.微电子（学）的microelectronicsandsolid-stateelectronics微电子学与固体电子学miniaturize vt.使微型化；成为缩影同义词：scaledown,shrinksubstrate n.基底；底物；底层；基层semiconductor n.半导体；半导体装置conductor导体，insulator绝缘体，conductivity电导率

WordsandExpressionsIntegratedcircuit(IC),alsocalledmicroelectroniccircuit,microchip,orchip,anassemblyofelectroniccomponents,fabricatedasasingleunit,inwhichminiaturizedactivedevices(e.g.,transistorsanddiodes)andpassivedevices(e.g.,capacitorsandresistors)andtheirinterconnectionsarebuiltuponathinsubstrateofsemiconductormaterial(typicallysilicon).集成电路（IC），也被称为微电子电路、微芯片或芯片，集成了多个电子元件，制造为单个单元，其中微型有源器件（如晶体管和二极管）和无源器件（如电容器和电阻器）及其互连都建立在半导体材料（通常为硅）的薄衬底上。5

WordsandExpressionsmicroscopic adj.极小的；微小的；需用显微镜观察的OpticalMicroscope 光学显微镜ElectronMicroscope 电子显微镜STM:ScanningTunnelingMicroscope 扫描隧道显微镜electron n.电子electron-holepairs 电子空穴对

WordsandExpressionsbarrier n.垫垒；障碍；屏障；阻力potentialbarrier 势垒barrierlayer 阻挡层Schottkybarrier 肖特基势垒crystal n.结晶；晶体；晶振singlecrystal/monocrystal 单晶polycrystal 多晶7

WordsandExpressionsShockley’steam(includingJohnBardeenandWalterH.Brattain)foundthat,undertherightcircumstances,electronswouldformabarrieratthesurfaceofcertaincrystals,andtheylearnedtocontroltheflowofelectricitythroughthecrystalbymanipulatingthisbarrier.8

WordsandExpressionsvacuumtube 真空管transistor n.晶体管；三极管Controllingelectronflowthroughacrystalallowedtheteamtocreateadevicethatcouldperformcertainelectricaloperations,suchassignalamplification,thatwerepreviouslydonebyvacuumtubes.Theynamedthisdeviceatransistor,fromacombinationofthewordstransferandresistor.9

WordsandExpressionsthermostat n.恒温器；温度自动调节器apieceofequipment