简单句、并列句和复合句.docx

简单句、并列句和复合句 （一）句子种类两种分类法 1、按句子的用途可分四种： 1）陈述句（肯定、否定）：He is six years old; She didn’t hear you. 2）疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意）：Do they like skating? How old is he? Is he six or seven years old? Mary can swim, can’t she? 3）祈使句：Be careful, boys; Don’t talk in class 4）感叹句：How clever the boy is! 2、按句子的结构可分三种： 1）简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。 e.g. He often reads English in the morning. Tom and Mike are American boys. She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers. 2) 并列句：由并列连词（and, but, or 等）或分号（；）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。 e.g. You help him and he helps you. The future is bright; the road is tortuous ['t? :tju?s, -t? u-]. 前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。 3）复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。复合句包含：名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）、定语从句和状语从句等。 e.g. The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wal。l 一、判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句： 1. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon. 2. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom. 3. There is a chair in this room, isn’t there? 4. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening. 5. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two. 6. He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child. 7. Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so. 8. What he said at the meeting is very important, isn’t it? 9. The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree. 10. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music. 一、不简单的简单句 简单句五种基本句型： 英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂，但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的 英语句子。换言之，绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。这五个基本句式如下： 1、 十 结构 (subject, predicate/verb) 2、 十 十 结构 (predicative) 3、 十 十 结构 (object) s 4、 十 十 十 结构 (direct/indirect object) 5. 十 十 十 结构 (complement) (说明：S＝主语；V＝谓语；P＝表语；O＝宾语；IO＝间接宾语；DO＝直接宾语；OC＝宾语补足语) 1 五个基本句式详细解释如下： 一． 十 句式 在此句式中，V 是不及物动词(vi．)。例如： He runs quickly． 他跑得快。 They listened． 他们听。 The gas has given out． 煤气用完了。 My ink has run out． 我的钢笔水用完了。二． 十 十 句式 在此句式中，V 是系动词(link v．),连系动词的类型有 ： " 存在" 类: 表示存在或具有某种特征或状态. 这类连系动词强调" 存在" 。常见的有:be( 是),look( 看起来 ),feel( 摸上去 ),seem( 似乎是 ),appear( 似乎、显得 ),prove(