聚丙烯腈纳米纤维增强聚氨酯基复合膜的制备及其力学性能的研究-《现代纺织技术》(2019年2期).docx

龙源版权所有 聚丙烯腈纳米纤维增强聚氨酯基复合膜的制备及其力学性能的研究作者：王鑫 赵莹 李妮来源：《现代纺织技术》2019年第02期 摘要：利用静电纺丝制备聚丙烯腈/聚氨酯（PAN/PU）复合纳米纤维膜，通过热处理复合纳米纤维膜制备聚丙烯腈纳米纤维增强聚氨酯基（PANNFs/PU）复合膜。采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析PAN/PU复合纳米纤维膜热处理前后的形貌结构，采用多功能拉伸仪测试纤维膜热处理前后的力学性能。分析发现，PANNFs/PU复合膜力学性能受混纺溶液中占比多的一方影响，当混纺溶液中PAN和PU质量比为4∶6时，得到的PANNFs/PU复合膜断裂应力达到152.1 MPa，断裂伸长达到178.8%，较其他质量比PANNFs/PU复合膜，整体所表现的力学性能佳;当混纺溶液PAN和PU质量比为4∶6时，混纺溶液质量分数增加到18%时，和PAN/PU复合纳米纤维膜相比，PANNFs/PU复合膜断裂应力增长了3倍左右，达到217.8 MPa，断裂伸长增长了2.5倍左右，达到320.9%。 关键词：纳米纤维;聚丙烯腈;聚氨酯;复合膜 中图分类号：TS102.5 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1009-265X（2019）02-0012-06 Abstract：Polyacrylonitrile/polyurethane （PAN/PU） composite nanofiber film was prepared by electrospinning. Then polyurethane-based composite film reinforced with polyacrylonitrile nanofiber （PANNFs/PU） was prepared by heating PAN/PU nanofibrous film. The morphological structure of PAN/PU film before and after heat treatment was analyzed by scanning electron microscope （SEM）. The mechanical properties of films were tested by multi-function stretcher. The results showed that the mechanical properties of PANNFs/PU film were influenced by the one occupying a large ratio in the electrospun solution. When the mass ratio of PAN and PU in the electrospun solution was 4：6， the breaking stress of prepared PANNFs/PU film reached 152.1 MPa， and the breaking elongation reached 178.8%. Compared with other mass ratio， PANNFs/PU composite film showed the better overall mechanical properties under the mass ratio of 4∶6. When the quality ratio was 4∶6 and the mass fraction of electrospun solution increased to 18%， the breaking stress of PANNFs/PU composite film increased by about 3 times （up to 217.8 MPa） and the breaking elongation increased by about 2.5 times （up to 320.9%） compared with PAN/PU composite nanofiber film. Key words：nanofibers; polyacrylonitrile; polyurethane; composite film 復合材料由两种或两种以上不同性质的材料组成，不同材料在性能上相互取长补短，使得复合材料的综合性能相比各组分材料的性能更加优异。纺织结构复合材料是一种以纺织材料（纤维、纱线及其织物）为增强体的复合材料，近年来，随着纺织技术的发展，纺织结构复合材料受到了人们的广泛重视与青睐。 众所周知，静电纺丝可简便高效地制备连续的纳米纤维[1]。