会计学：企业决策的基础（管理会计分册）（原书第19版）课件 _Chap005_The Accounting Cycle Reporting Financial Results.pptx

Chapter5TheAccountingCycle:ReportingFinancialResults

PubliclyOwnedCompaniesPubliclyownedcompanies:Haveshareslistedonastockexchange.Haveanobligationtopublishquarterlyandannualfinancialfilings.MustundergoanannualauditbyanauditingfirmregisteredwiththePCAOB.MustfiletheirauditedfinancialstatementsandsupportingscheduleswiththeSEC.

AdjustedTrialBalanceFromtheadjustedtrialbalance,wecanpreparethefollowing:IncomestatementStatementofretainedearningsBalancesheetKEYPOINTAtthistime,wearenotincludingthestatementofcashflows,asanin-depthdiscussionofthestatementofcashflowsistheprimaryfocusofChapter13.

AdjustedTrialBalanceExample

IncomeStatementTheincomestatementispreparedfirstbecauseitdeterminestheamountofnetincometobereportedinthestatementofretainedearnings.Alternativetitlesfortheincomestatementinclude:EarningsstatementStatementofoperationsProfitandlossstatement(P&L)

IncomeStatement(cont.)Theincomestatementsummarizesoperatingresultsbymatchingrevenueearnedwiththeexpensesincurredtogeneratetherevenue.Limitationsoftheincomestatement:Accountingestimatesandassumptions.Onlyreportsthoseeventswhichhavebeenevidencedbyactualbusinesstransactions.

IncomeStatementExample

StatementofRetainedEarningsRetainedearningsisthatportionofstockholders’(owners’)equitycreatedbyearningnetincomeandretainingtherelatedresourcesinthebusiness.Thestatementofretainedearningssummarizestheincreasesanddecreasesinretainedearningsresultingfrombusinessoperationsduringtheperiod.Increasesresultfromearningnetincome.Decreasesresultfromnetlossesandthedeclarationofdividends.

ComputingRetainedEarningsThefollowingformulaisusedtocomputeRetainedEarningsattheendofanaccountingperiod:

StatementofRetainedEarningsExample

BalanceSheetThebalancesheetlists:AssetsLiabilitiesOwners’equity(al