基于单片机的交通灯控制系统的设计改.pdf

1 摘 要 通过调查研究，发现目前中、小城市的交通灯控制系统比较落后，普遍 都是采用单一模式运行。在对一个典型小城市的交通现状进行调研发现，在 不同的时段交通流量存在巨大的变化，特别是在上、下班高峰期行人与车辆 混杂，通行十分困难，而且还无法通过车流量的改变来调整通行的时间。本 文提出一种相对合理的方法-运用红外传感器的检测来控制交通灯的通行时 间，最后使用单片机模拟主要控制程序，从而得出了有效的结论。 针对我国城市路况复杂的特点，在交通灯控制系统硬件设计方面以最小 系统模块、电源模块、时间显示模块以及车流量检测模块为主要模块，不仅 可以完成交通灯的顺序点亮，还可以实现倒计时、车流量检测等相关功能； 软件设计方面通过检测程序的设定，来检测是否达到规定的数值从而改变信 号灯的通行时间，并通过显示程序的设定，在数码管上直观的显示出时间的 变化。该系统设计具有实用性强、操作方便等特点。 关键词： 交通灯；单片机；车流量监测；数码管 2 Abstract The first mock exam shows that the traffic lights control system in small and medium-sized city is relatively backward, and generally it operates in a single mode. Based on the investigation of the traffic situation in a typical small city, it is found that there are great changes in the traffic flow in different periods, especially in the rush hours when pedestrians and vehicles are mixed, it is very difficult to pass, and the traffic flow can not be changed to adjust the passage time. In this paper, a relatively reasonable method is put forward, which uses the detection of infrared sensor to control the time of traffic lights. At last, a single chip computer is used to simulate the main control program, and an effective conclusion is drawn. According to the complex characteristics of urban road conditions in our country, in the aspect of hardware design of traffic light control system, the minimum system module, power module, time display module and traffic flow detection module are the main modules, which can not only complete the sequence lighting of traffic lights, but also realize