风景园林专业英语(第一二课翻译).pdf

The practice and theory of Landscape Architecture 景观规划设计理论 【1】Landscape Architecture involves the five major components:They are natural process ， human factors ， methodology， technology， and values ， whatever the scale or emphasis of operation， these five components are consistently relevant.Social and nature factors clearly permeate every facet of a profession that is concerned with people and land. Problem solving， planning ， and design methods apply at all scales.Good judgment is consistently required. 风景园林设计包含五个主要方面: 自然进程、社会进程、方法论、技术、价值观,无论规模尺 度或运作的重点各不相同,这五个要素一贯是相关的。社会因素和自然因素的因子充斥着这 个关系到人与土地的领域的方方面面。解决问题,规划、设计方法都会用到所有的尺度。正 确的判断判断是一贯必须的。 【2 】Consider how natural factors data are relevant to both planning and design.At the regional scale， the impact of development or change in use on a landscape must be known and evaluated before a policy to allow such action is set.An inventory of the natural factors，including geology， soils ， hydrology ， topography ， climate ， vegetation and wildlife ， and the ecological relationships between them is fundamental to and understanding of the ecosystem to which change is contemplated.Equally important is an analysis of visual quality .Land use policy can thus be made on the basis of the known vulnerability of resistance of the landscape.In other circumstances the natural processes which add up to a given landscape at a give moment in its evolution may ， as at Grand Canyon and other unique places ， be considered a resource to be preserved ， protected ，and managed as a public trust.On a smaller scale，soil and geological conditions may be critical in the determination of the cost and the form of building foundations: where it is most suitable to build and where it is not.Sun，wind，and rain are important factors of design where the development of comfort zones for human activity or the growth of plants is a primary objective.Thus，in many ways natural factors influence l