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第三章放射性核素的衰变规律
Radioactive decay
目的
·熟悉各种衰变的特点
掌握衰变规律与活度计算
·了解放射性平衡及放射系
内容
·Q衰变
·β衰变
γ衰变
衰变规律
·放射性平衡
·放射系
引言
放射性的发现:贝可勒尔与居里夫妇
放射线的分类及本质
·放射性与放射性核素的概念
自发的含义
核衰变的概念与分类
各种放射性核素通过衰变趋向β稳定线
对各类衰变,要求熟悉其含义、方程、对
象、能量和纲图
Henri Becquerel
1852~1908, France
French physicist who
discovered radioactivity
through his investigations
of uranium and other
substances. In 1903 he
shared the nobel prize
for Physics with Pierre
and Marie Curie
Marie Curie
born Nov 7. 1867. Warsaw
Poland, Russian Empire
died July 4, 1934, neal
Sallanches. france
Polish-born French physicist
famous for her work on
radioactivity and twice a
winner of the nobel prize. With
Henri Becquerel and her
husband pierre curie. she
was awarded the 1903 Nobel
Prize for Physics. She was
then sole winner of the 1911
Nobel Prize for chemistry She
was the first woman to win a
Nobel Prize
Pierre curie
born May 15, 1859, Paris,
F
rance
died April 19. 1906. Paris
French physical chemist
and cowinner of the
Nobel Prize for physics in
1903. He and his wife
Marie Curie discovered
radium and polonium in
their investigation of
radioactivit
放射线的分类及本质
图3-1发镭源的射线的分解
放射性( radioactivity)
原子核自发放出α、β、γ等粒子的性质
the spontaneous disintegration of atomic nuclei
with the emission of usu. penetrating radiation
or particles (Oxford)
property exhibited by
y certain types of matter of
emitting energy and subatomic particles
spontaneously. It is, in essence, an attribute of
individual atomic nuclei(EB)
Note: a major source of heat in the interior of
both the earth and the moon is provided by
radioactive decay (EB)
放射性核素( radionuclide)
具有放射性的核素
a radioactive nuclide(oxford
a radioactive nuclide( Merriam-Webster
radioactive isotope(radioisotope): any of several
species of the same chemical element with
different masses whose nuclei are unstable and
dissipate excess energy by spontaneously
emitting radiation in the form of alpha, beta, and
gamma rays(EB
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