高二英语第15单元grammar 新课标 人教.pptVIP

;过去分词;Smoking may cause cancer. He tried to avoid answering their questions. One of her duties is typing letters. The man sitting next to you is our headmaster. Being angry,he can’t say a word. I saw him running down the street. ;;;1.作主语（动名词）;;1.---What do you think made Mary so upset? ---___ her new bicycle. A. As she lost B. Lost C. Losing D. Because of losing;3.作表语（动名词,现在分词）;;6. 作状语(现在分词);If you use your head, you will find a way. ;e.g.________a reply, he decided to write a sixth letter. A. Not receiving B. Not to receive C. Not having received D. Having not received;-ing 形式;非谓语动词之间的对比;1动词不定式和动名词作主语比较;2.动词不定式、动名词、分词作表语比较 ;（2）动词不定式和动名词作表语说明主语的内容，现在分词作表语表示主语所具有的特征，过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。 The real problem is getting to know the needs of the customers． The most important thing is to put theory into practice． He is interested in English. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier，_______ it more difficult．（NMET 1999） A．not make B．not to make C．not making D．do not make ;3动词不定式和动名词作宾语比较 （1）有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，如：want，wish，hope，manage，demand，promise，refuse，pretend，plan， offer，decide，agree，expect等。 We agreed _______ here，but so far she hasn't turned up yet．（NMET 1995） A．having met B．meeting C．to meet D．to have met ;（2）有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语， The squirrel was so lucky that it just missed_______ ．（MET 1987） A．catching B．to be caught C．being caught D．to catch I would appreciate_______ back this afternoon．（MET 1992） A．you to call B．you call C．you calling D．you're calling ;（4）有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动 名词，但意义上有区别，;4、动词不定式、分词作宾语补足语和 主语补足语比较 ;（2）有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟分词作宾语补足语或主语补足语，但意义不同，如：see，watch，notice，observe，hear，feel，have， make等，且不定式不带to，但在被动结构中必须带to。不定式指动作的全过程；现在分词指正在进行的动作的一部分，且表主动意义；过去分词指已经完成的动作，且表被动意义。 We heard her sing this song before we went in.我们听她唱完这首歌才进去。 We heard her singing this song when we got there.我们到达时，听见她在唱这首歌。 We often hear this song sung by her.我们经常听见她唱这首歌。(歌是被唱) ;5不定式、动名词、分词作定语比较 ;2）动名词作定语表示被修饰名词的用途，现在分词作定语表示被修饰名词的动作。