“布衣”抑或“王孙”——以“新黔首挟兵令”为重心的韩信身世再探.pdf

第30卷第2期 淮阴工学院学报 VoU 33 No. 2 2021年4月 Jonma of Huaiyin Institute of 100/0100 Apr, 2021 “布衣”抑或 “王孙” ——以 “新黔首挟兵令”为重心的韩信身世再探 罗有，王海 (渤海大学历史文化学院，辽宁锦州171013) 摘要:司马迁笔下之韩信 “始为布衣” ，学界多以此断定韩信乃平民出身，分析 《史记》所言 “始为布衣”者，其出身皆存疑O 《淮阴侯列传》中所载 “母冢” “执戟”故事与 “王孙”一称似乎对韩信真实出身有所暗指，利用出土文献中 “新黔首挟兵令” 相关简文，考察韩信于淮阴 “好带刀剑” ，很可能与秦王朝对原六国贵族之后的特殊赐爵相关 。“韩信虽为布衣时，其志与 众异”不仅体现出司马迁对韩信的敬仰与惋惜，或许也蕴含了两人心理上的某种共鸣,进而影响了其笔下韩信人物形象。 关键词 ：韩信;始为布衣;王孙;新黔首挟兵令 中图分类号 ：K034 文献标志码 ：A 文章编号 :1409 -7761(2021)02 -0035 -06 An "Ordinary Man" or "Princei DesceydanS^^?: A Re - exploration of Han Xini Family Background Centering on “Orainance on Weepon Beering by New Black - haired Peyple" LUO You, WANG HP (College of Historg pg Culture，Bohvi Umversity ，Jimhon Liaoning 141018 , China) Abstrac : Han Xin was Oepictef by Sima Qian vs a " commoner oOginallya ; therefore，the acaPemicians asseO tha ho was bom a commoner- His family bachyronng is OisputaPle when such worOings in Recorfs of the GranO HistoOan are further analyzef - StoOes aPon his " mother i tomb "， " beaOng of a halberf "， pg his title of "POno" recorfeO in "Bmgmppy of Huaiyin Marguisf P alluUo to Han Xin s tme fdmity bachyronng• In ac- corfanco with the relatef excavatef tex wri en on the bamboo chigs，" Decree Allowiny New Common Peogte to Capg Weapons f，Han Xin 11 prefers to capf a knife pg a sworf" in Huaiyin，which may bo relatef to the no­ ble ranks tha Qin Dymsty rewarfef the Oecefents of former aOstocratic families of the Sin KingOoms. As Sima Qian wrote， "Oopiu his humble oOyin，Han Xin hag exceptiona aspirations"，which no only refects the an- heoeitnOmnenhnogngOtimpnhei， buhnatonmpanetnheehnngptiheoaoynhnaeetognghebehweeghe