2023年初中英语学习语法冲刺复习之情态动词的用法.docxVIP

2023年学校英语学习语法冲刺复习之情态动词的用法 一、用"情态动词+ have +done〃结构表示对过去动作的推想，试 题中常用过去时态或过去的时间状语给以示意。情态动词的这一用法可 以用"对立统一〃来概括。 1.当试题的前句和后句在动作和意义上相互补充说明，且整个句意 在动作和时间上是一个整体时，我们可用"统一〃关系来解决这样的试 题。常见的结构有： must have done :表示对过去动作的确定推想，常译作"肯定做 了……"，只能用于确定句中。其否认形式为can't/couldn't have done? 疑问式为 Can/Could...have done?o could /might have done :表示对过去发生的动作的可能性推想， 常译作"可能做了……”。如： 1) Sorry I'm late. I have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again. might Should C. can D. wil 该题前句说明白结果，后句接着说出了产生这种结果的可能性，对 前句进行补充说明。分析选项可知此题应选A。 2） My sister met him at the Grand Theater yesterday afternoon, so he your lecture. ? A.couldn't have attended B.neednft have attended C.mustn't have attended D.shouldn't have attended 该题前句叙说一个客观事实，后句对前句进行补充说明，分析选项 可知C是错误的；而B、D两项不符合题意。故此题选A。又如： Jackyet, otherwise he would have telephoned me. A.mustn't have arrived B.shouldn't have arrived C.can't have arrived D.need not have arrived （此题选 C） 当试题的前后句在动作和意义上构成转折关系时，常借助〃but, however, instead"等词来表示过去的动作与客观事实不符，这时我们 就可以用"对立〃关系来解决这样的试题。这种结构常见的有： should have done / ought to have done :表示过去本应当做某 事而实际上没有做。 should not have done / ought not to have done :表示过去本 不应当做某事但事实上却做了。 need have done :表示过去原来有必要去做某事，但事实上没有做。 need not have done :表示过去原来没有必要做某事，但事实上却 做了。如： I was really anxious about you. You home without a word. A.mustn't leave B.shouldn't have left C.couldn't have left D.needn't leave 分析该题前后句之间的关系和语气可知，事实上是〃本不应当离家 出走却走了〃 ，故此题选瓦 I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I for her. A.had to write it out B.must have written it out C.should have written it out D.ought to write it out 由句中的连词but可知前后句之间是对立关系，分析题意可知此题 应选Co 二、考查情态动词根本用法之间的比拟和辨析。试题中常借助详细 的语境来考查考生对那些最常见的情态动词的根本用法的理解和把握， 因此在做这样的试题时应仔细分析语境中所含的实际意义，并结合情态 动词的根本含义和用法做出正确的选择。 —Is John ing by train? —He should, but he not. He likes driving his car. mustn't表示〃禁止、不准"；cannot表示〃不行能“；need not表 示"不必要〃；may not表示"可能不〃。分析语境可知此题应选Do —I hear you've got a set of valuable Australian coins. I have a look? 一Yes, certainly. C. Shall 分析语境可知这是在征求对方的许可，may表示"允许、可以〃 语气比拟委婉？ shall常用于第一、三人称作主语的疑问句