有机肥钾与化肥钾配施对叶类蔬菜的营养效应研究-《农学学报》(2019年3期).docx

龙源版权所有 有机肥钾与化肥钾配施对叶类蔬菜的营养效应研究作者：范晓伟　谷守宽　陈益　杨东　樊建军　王正银来源：《农学学报》2019年第03期 摘要：在重庆地区种植蔬菜多年的基地进行田间试验，探讨有机肥钾与化肥钾以不同比例配合施用对叶类蔬菜产量、品质、钾素养分吸收和利用效率的影响。结果表明：有机肥钾与化肥钾配合施用较无钾肥处理极显著提高莴笋和白菜产量（增产11.6%～17.4%和10.9%～15.4%），均以高量（50%）有机肥钾处理（MH+KL）增产作用最大;有机肥钾与化肥钾配合较常规施钾提高莴笋和白菜产量，但增产作用不显著。有机肥钾与化肥钾配合较不施钾处理显著增加莴笋叶维生素C含量、降低氨基酸和可溶性糖含量，白菜维生素C、氨基酸和可溶性糖含量影响不大，莴笋叶、茎和白菜硝酸盐含量分别降低4.8%～5.4%、4.9%～11.1%和15.5%～30.0%，以MH+KL处理作用最大。有机肥钾与化肥钾配合使莴笋和白菜钾素吸收量显著增加，均以MH+KL处理即有机肥50%配合化肥钾50%莴笋钾素利用效率最高。综合叶类蔬菜产量、品质和钾素利用效率，以MH+KL处理的效应最好。 关键词：有机肥钾;化学钾肥;配合施用;叶类蔬菜 中图分类号：S143.1，S143.3 文献标志码：A 论文编号：cja Organic Fertilizer Potassium and Chemical Potash Fertilizer Combination AffectsNutrition of Leafy Vegetables Fan Xiaowei1， Gu Shoukuan2， Chen Yi2， Yang Dong2， Fan Jianjun3， Wang Zhengyin2 （1Agricultural Committee of Chongqing City， Chongqing 401121， China; 2College of Resources and Environmental Sciences， Southwest University， Chongqing 400716， China; 3Agricultural Committee of Tongnan District， Chongqing 402600， China） Abstract： Field experiments are carried out to study the effects of organic fertilizer potassium and chemicalfertilizer potassium combination on the yield， quality and potassium nutrient utilization efficiencies of leafyvegetables in a vegetable planting base of Chongqing. The results indicated that yields of lettuce and cabbageincreased significantly （11.6%-17.4% and 10.9%-15.4%， respectively） under the combination treatment compared with that of no potassium treatment， in the two experiments， the highest yield was achieved under theMH+KL treatment. The yield of lettuce and cabbage under the combination treatment was higher than that of conventional potassium treatment， but the increase was not significant. The combination treatment couldincrease Vc content， decrease amino acid and soluble sugar content of lettuce， but it had little effect oncabbage. Nitrate contents in lettuce leaves， stems and cabbage were decreased by 4.8%-5.4%， 4.9%-11.1% and 15.5%-30.0%， respectively， and the MH+KL trea