2023届高考英语二轮复习现在完成时的被动语态课件.ppt

The present perfect passive voice现在完成时的被动语态 一、The Present Perfect Tense 现在完成时结构：has/have + done (V-过去分词)助动词, 无意义表示说话时已经完成的动作, 而且这个动作的结果对现在仍有影响; 表示动作发生在过去, 但一直持续到现在, 并且有可能继续持续下去。 二、The present perfect passive voice 现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时1. 定义 表示说话时已经完成的被动性的动作或结果, 主语是动作的承受者。被动语态+现在完成时的被动语态has/have donebe donehas/have been done+ 肯定式：否定式： 一般疑问句： 特殊疑问句：2. 结构 主语 + has/have+ been + done…主语 + has/have+ not + been + done...Has/Have + 主语 + been + done...？特殊疑问词 + has/have + 主语 + been + done...？ The children have already been told the good news.Have the children been told the good news yet?Who has been told the good news yet?①否定句：The children have not/haven't been told the good news yet.②一般疑问句：③特殊疑问句（对划线部分提问）： The machine has already been repaired.Tom’s novel has not been punished yet.3. 用法 (1) 表示动作已完成, 强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果, 主语和谓语之间为被动关系, 通常与already, yet, just, never, recently 等副词连用, 放在has/have的后面, 有时也可放在句末。 The problem has been discussed for nearly two hours.How long has the film been shown?(2) 表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去, 持续到现在, 并可能持续下去, 常与for或since引导的时间状语连用, 或用于 “How long...？”句型中。 You shouldn't leave school before your homework has been finished.(3) 用在时间或条件状语从句中, 表示将来某时已完成的动作, 即用现在完成时的被动语态替代将来完成时的被动语态。 already　　 已经　　 yet　　 已经recently/lately 最近 since then 从那时起ever since 自那以来 ever 曾经so far 迄今为止 by now 到现在为止for a long time 　　　 很长一段时间in recent years 在最近几年里in/during/over the past/last years 在过去的几年里常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有： (1) 现在完成时的被动语态、现在进行时的被动语态及一般过去时的被动语态的区别：4. 注意 The machine has been repaired. (说明动作发生在过去, 对现在有影响)The machine is being repaired now. (说明动作正在进行)The machine was repaired yesterday. (只说明动作发生在过去) The project has been started for three months. （F）The project has been on for three months. （T）(2) 非延续性动词, 如borrow, finish, begin, start, buy, marry, open, join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思, 则要改换动词或时态。 1. Paper money ______________ (use) for over a thousand years. 2. — _____ the le