现在完成时及过去完成时精讲精练（教师版）.docx

PAGE10 / NUMPAGES12 现在完成时 用法： 动作发生在过去，强调对现在的影响。 与一般过去时的区别： 强调过去— 一般过去式 强调对现在的影响现在完成时。　 　试比较 I have lost my new book.? 我把新书丢了。（现在还未找到） I lost my new book yesterday. 我昨天把新书丢了。（昨天丢的，现在找到与否没说明） 构成： 肯定句： have / has done 否定句：...have/has not done 一般疑问句： Have/ Has ... done ? Yes, ... have/has. No, ...have/has not. 常用的时间状语有： already “已经” 肯定句的中间和末尾处 never “从不” 中间处 ever “曾经” 疑问句和肯定句的中间处 just “刚刚” 中间处 yet “已经” 、“还” 疑问句、否定句的末尾处) 或不加任何的时间状语，但不能和表示过去的时间状语连用. already和yet区别: I have already finished my homework. already用在_______，位于_______。 “已经” Have you finished your homework yet? yet用在_______和________中，位于_______。“仍然，还，已经” B.for 与since区别: for +时间段 since+ 时间点 I have lived in Changchun__________ two years. I have been here__________7 o'clock.? 用since和for填空 1. ______ two years 2._______ two years ago 3. _______ last month 4.______ 1999 5._______ yesterday 6. _______ 4 o’clock 7. ______ 4 hours 8._______ an hour 9. _______ we were children 10. _____ lunch time 11.______ she left here 12, _______ she was very young 13. _______ she was a child 14, _____ more than twenty years He has lived in Nanjing ________ the year before last. I’ve known him __________ we were children. Our teacher has studied Japanese _________ three years. She has been away from the city ___________ about ten years. It’s about ten years __________ she left the city. 注意：表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，一般译为汉语“过”，表示次数：一次once; 二次: twice, 三次：three times…, ever, never等时间状语。??????? 如： I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次。 三. have been in, have been to 与 have gone to 的用法区别（一）.have(has) been in 表示“在某地呆多长时间”， 常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：since, for, how long 等。例如：Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 布朗先生来上海已经有三天了。此外还有这些搭配： have been here (there) /at home (school) /on the farmhave been here (there) / abroad （二）.have(has)been to表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了。 可与just, ever, never等连用，例如： I have just been to the post office. 我刚才去邮局了。M