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C++ Mini-Course
•Part 1: Mechanics
•Part 2: Basics
CPSC 221, Texas A&M University
Adapted from: Brown CS123
/courses/cs123/resources/c++_mini_course.ppt
C++ Mini-Course
Part 1 : Mechanics
C++ is a superset of C
• New Features include
– Classes (Object Oriented)
– Templates (Standard Template Library)
– Operator Overloading
– Slightly cleaner memory operations
Segment.cpp
#include “Segment .h ”
#include “Po int .h ”
Segment : :Segment ()
{
m_p0 = new Po int (0 , 0) ;
m_p1 = new Po int (1 , 1) ;
}
Segment : :~ Segment ()
{
delete m_p0 ;
delete m_p1 ;
}
Segment.h
#ifn def SEGMENT_HEADER #define SEGMENT_HEADER
class Po int ;
class Segment
{
public :
Segment () ;
virtual ~ Segment () ;
pr ivate :
Po int *m_p0 , *m_p1 ;
} ;
#endif // SEGMENT_HEADER
Some C++ code
#include
#include “Segment.h ”
Insert header file at this po in
#include <io stream>
Use library header.
Header Guards
#ifndef SEGMENT_HEADER
#define SEGMENT_HEADER
// contents of Segment.h
//...
#endif
• To ensure it is safe to include a file more than once.
Header Guards
#ifndef SEGMENT_HEADER
#define SEGMENT_HEADER If this variable is
not defined…
// contents of segment.H
//...
Define it.
End of guarded area.
gui.h
#include “gui
#include “contro ller .h ”
// defin
// . . .
controller.h
• What ’ s wrong
with this picture?
• How do we fix it?
Circular Includes
// . . .
pr ivate :
Gu i* myGu i ; // . . .
} ;
class Contro ller {
h ”
.
• In header files, only include what you must.
• If only pointers to a class are used,
use forward
declarations.
//Forward Declaration
class Contro ller ;
// defin
// . . .
controller.h
//Forward declaration
class Gui ;
class Contro ller
Forward Declarations
gui.h
External Libraries, libc.so, libcs123.so
Compilation
Object files
Executable
OK, OK. How do I run my Program?
> make
And if all goes well…
> ./myprog
C++ Mini-Course
Part 2 : Basics
int x = 10 ; int *p ;
p = &x ;
p gets the address of x in memor
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