年产10万吨生物柴油生产工艺设计.docx

年产 10 万吨生物柴油生产工艺设计 年产 10 万吨生物柴油生产工艺设计 摘要 目前日益严重的天然化石不可再生资源的短缺和对生态环境的恶化双重问题, 使得 开发应用生物能源成为国家能源战略的重要部分。 由于生物柴油是一种具有良好的环保 特性、安全性能和燃烧性能的可再生能源，因此生物柴油的生产成为研究热点。然而传 统的生物柴油生产工艺主要是以油料作物作为原料， 采用酸碱催化法进行酯交换生产生 物柴油。传统的生产工艺具有生产成本高、工艺过程负责、产生大量废水，影响生态环 境等缺点。因此，本文采用废弃的地沟油为原料，酵母脂肪酶为催化剂，并将脂肪酶固 定在磁性氧化铁中，提高催化剂的使用寿命。固定化酶催化法的优点在于对原料油中游 离脂肪酸的要求不高，且副产品可经过精馏提纯后，循环使用，不产生废水废料。 关键词： 生物柴油；固定化酶法；酶法酯化；地沟油 北京理工大学珠海学院 2020 届本科毕业设计 Design of biodiesel production process with an annual output of 100,000 tons Abstract Nowadays, the increasinhortageof naturalfossion-renewableresourcesand the ecological environment becomes worse make how to develop the energy that can be appli to biodieseas become an importantpartof the nationaldevelopment strategyS.ince biodieselis a kind of renewable energy with safetyperformance,good environmental protectioncharacteristiacnsd combustion performance,the productionof biodieselhas become a researchotspot.However, the traditionliodieseroductionprocessmainly adopts oil crops as raw materials, and-buasses cactiadlytic method for transesterification produce biodiesel. The traditional production process has the disadvantages of impact ecologicanvironment,high productioncost,responsiblrocess,largeamount of waste water and so on. Therefore, waste gutter oil is used as raw material, yeast lipase is catalyst, and the lipase is fixed in magnetic iron oxide to improve the service life The advantageof the immobilizedenzyme catalysimsethod isthattherequirementof free fatty acids in the raw oil is not high, -dhcetsbycan be purified by distillation and recycled without waste water. Key words：Biodiesel; immobilized enzyme method; enzymatic esterification; sewage oil 北京理工大学珠海学院 2020 届本科毕业设计 目 录 1 前言 ......................................................................................... 1.1 生物柴油的主要特征..........................................................1........... 1.2 生物柴油的发展.............................................................2............ 1.2.1国外生物柴油发展 ...............