天线结构变形测量中应变传感器的布置分析 (1).pdfVIP

摘 要 桁架结构在大中型天线上被广泛应用，为了采用应变传感器测量天线变形的 位移，本文深入研究了应变传感器布置中的关键问题。 首先，为了减少计算量，提高算法的效率，提出了两种模态数目优化的方法， 即模态坐标法和信息矩阵坐标法，并对ANSYS 建立的 8m 天线模型做了优化。 其次，介绍了论文采用的测量方案：矩阵映射法。该方法通过建立应变和位 移之间的映射关系，用应变传感器间接地测量天线变形的位移；介绍了两种传感 器的布置方法，有效独立法和有效独立驱动点残差法，并用 MATLAB 实现了两种 算法；证明了应变模态的正交性，为应变传感器的适用性提供了依据。 再次，分别用有效独立法和有效独立驱动点残差法对 8m 天线和 7.3m 天线进 行了传感器的位置布置，并验证了算法的可行性和实用性。 最后，分析了影响传感器布置的误差因素和参数因素。误差因素包括模态误 差、测量误差和测试载荷位移应变误差；参数因素包括传感器数量和相关性系数 LDC 。 关键词：天线结构 位移测量 应变传感器布置 模态 有效独立法 Abstract Truss structure has a wide range of applications in large antennae, in order to use strain sensor to measure antenna deformation displacement, this paper presents a thorough study of the key problem of strain sensor arrangement. First of all, in order to reduce calculation and improve the efficiency of the algorithm, this paper puts forward two kinds of mode number optimization methods, namely modal coordinate method and information matrix coordinates method. A mode number optimization is performed for ANSYS models of 8 m antenna. Secondly, the paper introduces the measurement plan: matrix mapping method, i.e., based on the relationship between strain and displacement, deformation displacement of antennae could be indirectly measured with strain sensors. Two kinds of sensor layout methods are introduced: effective independent method and effective independent driving point residual methods which are implemented in MATLAB. The orthogonality among strain modes are proved in the paper, which provides basis for the applicability of the strain sensors. Again, sensor position configuration analysis is carried out for the models of 8 m and 7.3 m antennae with effective respectively independent method and effective ind