6-Memory for general knowledge教材.pptVIP

The semantic / episodic distinction Tulving 1972 : Different memory systems Amnesia cases & Neurological evidences Controversies Why not stored within a single system? Hard to draw a sharp line between Background of Semantic memory models Many of the semantic memory models developed because psychologists and computer scientists interested in the field of artificial intelligence wanted to build a system having what most people refer to as “commonsense knowledge”. Many of the models described in this chapter were developed in the 1970s, when information-processing analogies between humans and computers were dominating the field of cognitive psychology. Adaptive Control of Thought 与Tulving的情境/语义分类竞争 Working Memory Declarative Memory Procedural Memory 内隐地，比如骑自行车的行为 通过Production Rules来表达信息 类似LISP Connectionist Model Retrieve vs. Re-Construct 被记住的是程序或重建指令，忆出的是重建内容 Cognitive Economy ? Schema Organized Something 由关系、范式推及对象 Script 过程化的Schema Implicit Memory Semantic Repetition Priming 非单词难以Repetition Priming Korsakoff 综合症 Warrington & Weiskrantz 1970 Implicit Memory ~ Declarative Memory ? Implicit Memory ~ Perception ? Process Dissociation Framework automatic vs with deliberate intention Source Monitoring Errors 本节要点 重要的实验与病例 病例、fMRI 概念归属、特性匹配 Semantic Priming Word Stem Completion Repetition Priming Fake Fame Familiarity--Automatic Memory Process 重要的理论、概念 Semantic / Episodic Memory Characteristic Feature & Typicality Effect Implicit / Explicit Memory Declarative / Procedural Memory Automatic / Intentional Memory Processes Warrington & Weiskrantz 1970 : Fig 6-8, p.162 p.237 Memory for General Knowledge Zhou Chu Department of Psychology Fudan University Outline The semantic / episodic distinction Semantic memory models The hierarchical semantic network model The feature comparison model Spreading activation theory The ACT models Connectionist models Schema, Script Implicit / Explicit Memory, Process Dissociation THE HIERARCHICAL SEMANTIC NETWORK MODEL