4.Basic knowledge of poetry教材.pptVIP

Basic Knowledge of Poetry I. Types of Poetry A.?Narrative poetry epic, romance, and ballad The stress is on action, e.g. to tell stories and describe actions. B. Lyrics Elegies, odes, sonnets, epigraphs, etc. to combine speech and song to express feelings in varying degrees of verbal music II. Rhythm and Meter Rhythm refers to the regular recurrence of the accent or stress in poem or song. e.g. stress + unstressed syllable foot: A unit of poetic meter consisting of stressed and unstressed syllables in any of various set combinations. 4 basic patterns of rhythms Iambic foot iamb 抑扬格 an unstressed syllable followed by an stressed one as in the word “prevent” or “contain” It’s time the children went to bed. We’ll learn a poem by Keats. Trochaic foot trochee 扬抑格 a stressed syllable followed by an unstressed one as in “football,” “never,” “happy,” “heartless” or “English.” William Morris taught him English. Double, double, toil and trouble Fire burns and cauldron bubble. Anapestic foot anapest抑抑扬格 two unstressed syllables followed by a stressed one as in comprehend or intervene. Dactylic foot dactyl 扬抑抑格 a stressed syllable followed by two unstressed ones as in dangerous, cheerfully, yesterday, merrily. III. Number of feet per line one foot monometer rare two feet dimeter three feet trimeter four feet tetrameter five feet pentameter six feet hexameter seven feet heptameter rare eight feet octameter rare Sonnet A lyric poem of 14 lines with a formal rhyme scheme, Expressing different aspects of a single thought, mood, or feeling, Iambic pentameter is essentially the meter, but here again certain poets have experimented with hexameter and other meters. Italian Petrarchan sonnet It developed from Italian folk song, consists of an octave, or 8-line stanza, rhyming abbaabba and a sestet, or 6-line stanza rhyming cdecde, cdccdc, or cdedce. English Shakespearian sonnet It is divided into three quatrains, with a f