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MICROBIAL NUTRITION
CELL METABOLISM
Biochemical component of cells
• > 70% weight of cell is water
• 95% of dry cell weight from 6 elements
– Protein 40-70 %
– Nucleic acid 13-34%
– Lipid 10-15 %
– Also monomers, intermediates and inorganic ions
Growth requirements
•Organisms use a variety of nutrients for their
energy needs and to build organic molecules
and cellular structures
•Most common nutrients contain necessary
elements such as carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and
hydrogen
•Microbes obtain nutrients from variety of
sources
Growth requirements
• Nutrients: Chemical and Energy Requirements
– Sources of carbon, energy, and electrons
–Two groups of organisms based on source of carbon
– Autotrophs – CO2
– Heterotrophs – Organic chemicals
–Two groups of organisms based on source of energy
– Chemotrophs
– Phototrophs
Nutritional Categories
• Phototrophs use light as an energy source
• Chemotrophs use chemicals as energy sources
Energy Source Carbon Examples
Source
Photoautotroph Light CO2 nts, algae,
photosynthetic bacteria
Photoheterotroph Light Organic Purple and green bacteria
Chemoautotroph Chemical CO2 Bacteria only
Chemoheterotroph Chemical Organic Animals, protozoa, fungi, most
bacteria
Nutritional Requirements
Element Cellular Function
Carbon Constituent of all organic cell materials
Hydrogen Constituent of organic cell mate
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