分离离散不连续likecharges同号电荷01chap19 electrostatic fielddiscrete分离离散不连续likecharges同号电荷.pdf

Chapter 19 Electric Charge and Electric Field Chapter 20 Gauss’s Law electric：电的 electronic：电子的 electrostatic : 静电的，静电学的 electrostatics : 静电学 conductor: 导体 insulator: 绝缘体 volume integral : 体积分， 三重积分 charged particle (point charge ): 点电荷 dipole : 偶极子 Electric dipole: 电偶极子 Electric dipole moment: 电偶极矩，电矩 Chapter 19 Electric Charge and Electric Field Chapter 20 Gauss’s Law discrete : 分离的，离散的，不连续的 like charges : 同号电荷 unlike charges : 异号电荷 silicon : 硅 germanium : 锗 a test particle : 检验电荷 permittivity : 介电常数 electric flux : 电通量 charge element: 电荷元 Electrostatics Chapter 19 Electric Charge and Electric Field §1 Properties of Electric Charges (P456-460) §2 Coulomb’s law (P460-464) §3 Electric Fields (P464-468) §4 Electric Field Due to Continuous Charge Distributions (P468-471, 475-477) §1 Properties of Electric Charges ⚫Like charges repel each other, and unlike charges attract each other. ⚫The pr iple of conservation of electric charges: th charge in an isolated system is always conserved. ⚫Charge is zed. Th charge on any object must be an integral multiple of e. − 19 e 1.60210 C ⚫Conductors are materials in which electric charges move relatively ly. Insulators are materials in which electric charges do not move ly. Semiconductors are materials in which electrical properties are somewhat between those of insulators and those of conductors. ⚫ Ideal model: point charge / charged particle §2 Coulomb’slaw 1. Coulomb’s law: The electrostatic between two stationary, charged particles separated by a distance r has the magnitude:  q q 