百合鳞茎腐烂病病原菌的鉴定及生物学特性研究.pdf

百合鳞茎腐烂病病原菌的鉴定及生物学特性研究 曹兴;刘南南;胡燕佩;义鸣放;王桂清 【摘要】To determine the pathogen causing lily bulb rot disease in Changping district, Beijing city, the pathogens were identified by tissue isolation, pathogenicity test, morphological characteristics study and r DNA-ITS sequence analysis.Biological characteristics of the major pathogen were determined by measuring the diameter of the colony and counting the number of conidia using hemocytometer measurement.The results showed that Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani were identified as the pathogens causing bulb rot in lily.F.oxysporum was the dominant strain although its pathogenicity was weaker than F.solani.For the mycelial growth and sporulation of F.oxysporum, the optimum medium was PDA, the optimum temperature was 25℃, and the optimum light condition was 12∶12 alternation of light and darkness.The optimal pH values for mycelial growth and sporulation were 5 and 7, respectively.Lactose was the best carbon source and NaNO3was the best nitrogen source for mycelial growth.The optimum carbon source and nitrogen source for sporulation were glucose and glycine separately.%为确 定北京市昌平区百合鳞茎腐烂病的病原菌,采用组织分离、致病性测定、形态学及 分子生物学方法对病原菌进行鉴定,并利用菌落生长法和血球计数板孢子计量法研 究了主要致病菌的生物学特性.结果表明,引起当地百合鳞茎腐烂病的病原菌为尖孢 镰刀菌和腐皮镰刀菌,尖孢镰刀菌在分离数量上占优势,腐皮镰刀菌的致病性较强.尖 孢镰刀菌的最适培养基为 PDA 培养基.菌丝生长和产孢的最适温度为 25℃,菌丝生 长的最适 p H 值为 5,产孢的最适 pH 值为 7.12∶12 光暗交替条件下菌丝生长最快, 产孢量最高.菌丝生长的最适碳源和氮源分别为乳糖和硝酸钠,产孢的最适碳源和氮 源分别为葡萄糖和甘氨酸. 【期刊名称】《河南农业科学》 【年(卷),期】2018(047)012 【总页数】6 页(P96-101) 【关键词】百合;鳞茎腐烂病;病原菌鉴定;尖孢镰刀菌;生物学特性 【作者】曹兴;刘南南;胡燕佩;义鸣放;王桂清 【作者单位】聊城大学 农学院,山东 聊城 252059;聊城大学 农学院,山东 聊城 252059;聊城大学 农学院,山东 聊城 252059;中国农业大学 园艺学院/花卉发育与 品质调控北京市重点实验室,北京 100193;聊城大学 农学院,山东 聊城 252059 【正文语种】中 文 【中图分类】S436.8 百合为百合科(Liliaceae)百合属(Lilium) 球根花卉，其花姿雅致、花色丰富、馨香 宜人，在我国被广泛栽培用作切花、盆花和庭院用花等 [1]。此外 ，百合还具有较 高的药用与食用价值[2-3]。由镰刀菌引起的百合鳞茎腐烂病(又称根腐病、枯萎病) 是百合的主要病害 ，病原菌主要从肉质根或鳞茎盘基部的伤口侵入 ，造成肉质根和 盘基变褐腐烂，并逐渐向上发展 ，鳞片出现褐色凹陷病斑 ，后期鳞片从盘基脱落。 染病植株地上部分明显矮化 ，叶片自下而上黄化干枯 ，最后全株枯萎死亡[4]。 近年