动词不定式专题讲解.pptx

动词不定式;不定式:是一种非限定性动词。 1.非限定动词:是指那些在句中不能单独充当谓语的动词; 2.动词不定式在句中可以作句子除谓语之外的任何句子成分。 3.动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。 ;1) 基本形式： to+动词原形 2) 其否定形式是: “not/never to do”/not do. 3) 不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化。; 肯定： to + V.原 或者 (to)+ V.原 否定：not/never + (to) + V.原; 动词不定式;三、用法/功能;It +be + adj. +for/of sb. to do sth. for: adj.多为描述不定式行为的特征 （important/ necessary / interesting 等.） of: adj. 多为 描述主语的品质特征 （kind / nice / friendly / wise / foolish 等.） ; 1）轮到我们打扫教室了。 It is our turn_________________________ 2）To waste time is to shorten life. （翻译成中文） ;动词+ to do sth. 常用动词有： want / wish / like / would like / hope / plan / try / decide / learn / need / agree / begin / start / forget / remember / manage / seem / fail/ manage/ promise等;;主语 + be + to do sth 主语多为 duty / wish / hope / idea / plan / ambition/ dream / work / job 等 名词 ;1、动词 + 宾语（sb./sth.) + to do sth.;The teacher told me to clean the blackboard. I expect you to give me some help. ;e.g. I made him do his work.;1) I usually go there by train.　 Why not ___ by boat for a change?　 A. to try going　 B.　trying to go　 C.　to try and go　 D.　try going　　 答案：D. why not 后面接不带to 的不定式，因此选D。 2) Paul doesn't have to be made ___. He always works hard.　 A. learn　 B. to learn　 C. learned　 D. learning 答案：B. make后接不带to 的动词不定式，当其用于被动时，to 不可省略。;3> 不定式用在介词but, except, besides后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词do的各种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带to,相反则带to.;1) Let him _______ the work at once. (finish / to finish) 2) Do you like listening to other people______? (talk / talking/to talk ) 3) Jim was seen _________the room. (enter /to enter ) 4) Please tell her _________here on time . (come / to come);5) I’ll help you _________this problem. (to solve /solve ) 6) I wish you will stay with us.(改成简单句） 7) Her story made us laugh. (改成被动句） ;放在被修饰词的后面;I have something to say. He has a lot of homework to do . He is looking for a room to live in . There is nothing to worry about.;1.Do you have anything more_______ ﹙要说﹚? 2.She has a lot of work _______﹙做﹚ every day . 3.