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第 PAGE 1 页 共 NUMPAGES 25 页
常见的句子结构:
1.(主+谓)不及物动词vi.
句子的谓语动词(不及物动词)能表达完整的意思,无须加上宾语。
1. The sun │was shining.
2. The moon │rose.
3. We all │sang and danced.
4.The meeting lasted half an hour.
5.Time flies.
2.(主+谓(及物动词)+宾)
此结构是由“主语+及物动词(词组)+宾语”构成。
句子的谓语动词(及物动词)不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整。
Who │knows │the answer?
He │enjoys │reading.
He │said │"Good morning."
I │want │to have a cup of tea.
He │admits 承认 │that he was mistaken.
3.S +V(及物)+IO(多指人)+DO(多指物)
主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语
She? will?give ?you? a?cup?of?coffee.?
句子的谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。
She │cooked │her husband │a delicious meal.
He │brought │you │a dictionary.
I │showed │him │my pictures.
I │told │him │that the bus was late.
He │showed │me │how to run the machine.
He sent me an English-Chinese Dictionary.
= He sent an English-Chinese Dictionary to me.
She gave John a book.= She bought a book for me.
4.S+V(及物)+O(宾语)+OC(宾补)
句子的谓语动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,才能使意思完整。
They │appointed任命 │him │manager.
They │painted │the door │green.
They │found │the house │deserted.
We │saw │him │out.
He │asked │me │to come back soon.
I │saw │them │getting on the bus.
基本句型 五 S+V+P (主+系+表)
复合谓语:系动词+表语
主+系+表:“是什么”或“怎么样”
we are students. We are happy.
系动词:本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语,构成系表结构说明主语的状况、 性质、特征等,补充说明主语的意义。
系动词:
1.be动词,
区分:he is a teacher./he is happy.
He is playing football.
2.look(看起来),feel(感觉,感到),sound(听起来),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),
This flower smells very sweet.
This kind of cloth feels very soft.
3.似乎,好像:seem appear
He looks [seems, appears] honest.
区分:Soon the
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