汉源磷钾矿特性及热分解过程研究-化学工艺专业论文.docxVIP

汉源磷钾矿特性及热分解过程研究化学工艺专业 汉源磷钾矿特性及热分解过程研究 化学工艺专业 研究生曾光远 指导教师张允湘教授 汉源磷钾矿是我国目前最大的唯一有开发价值的磷钾麸生矿，本论文在国内 首次对汉源磷钾矿的特性及其热分解组成进行了X一射线衍射分析为主的物相 组成的定量分析研究，其研究成果可为汉源磷钾矿的工业应用提供重要的理论 指导，同时对给x一射线衍射的定量分析用于矿物组成研究提供了创新性思路。 本文以汉源磷钾矿为原料，在磷钾矿中添加碳酸钙和硫酸钙等添加剂进行高 温热分解后用硫酸萃取磷钾矿磷、钾，研究体系的焙烧温度、物料配比等工艺 条件，其最佳操作条件为当物料质量配比m(磷钾矿)：m(硫酸钙)：m(碳酸钙) =1：I：1时，1100℃下反应1h，K,O萃取率87．2％，P205萃取率达64．8％。同时， 还考察了汉源磷钾矿中K20萃取率与时间的动力学关系，建立了相关性高，有意 义的口=a(1一e“)经验关系式，其中参数口为一定温度下K：0的平衡转化率，参 数6与反应活化能相关。 关键词磷钾矿，热分解，碳酸钙，硫酸钙，动力学 Study Study of The Characteristic And Thermal Decomposition of Hanyuan Phosphate-potassium Ores Chemical"rechnics Postgraduate Zeng Guangyuan Superv i sot Prof．Zhang Yunxiang Hanyuan phosphate-potassium ores is the only valuable ores for exploitation in China so far．nle characteristic of Hanyuan phosphate-potassium ores and thermal decomposition constituent ale first studied by using the method of X-ray diffraction quantitative analysis in this thesis．The results can be applied in guiding the process of Hanyuaa phosphate-potassium Ores application and provide the creative thinking way for the application of the method of X—ray diffraction quantitative analyzing constituent ofores． Ihe technical condition of temperature and mass ratio of Hanyuan phosphate- potassium ores b studied．Hanyuan phasphate-potassium ores is taken first thermal decomposition with the addition of C8C03，CaS04 and CaC03+CaS04,then the mixture is extracted by H2S04 for phosphate and potassium．ne best operating condition is that when re(phosphate-potassium ores)：mrCaS04)：(CaC03)is 1：1：l at 1100"C,tha potassium extraction efficiency reaches 87．2％，the phosphate extraction efficiency reaches 64．麟．Meanwhile，the kinetics relationship ofthe K20 extraction efficiency of Hanyuan phosphate-potassium ores and the time is studied to buiId the experience formula of口=a(1-e-bt)which is higllly correlated and raeaning伽． The parameter a stands for the balance translating rate while the parameter b is related with the reaction activation energy． Keyw