地应力对工程开挖岩体移动变形影响分析-岩土工程专业论文.docxVIP

I I 摘 要 摘 要 本文首先对地应力测量方法进行了归纳总结，以小官庄铁矿和太平梁隧道地应力测 试为例，根据大量的实测数据，分析确定了套孔应力解除法和锚杆应力计法分别在深部 和浅部岩体的地应力测试中的适用性。由实测数据表明，深部岩体中的应力场是水平构 造应力为主；浅部岩体中存在的是以自重应力为主导的应力场。 分别采用 ANSYS 和 Matlab 软件对地应力测试区进行了数值模拟和解析计算，其结 果与实测数据十分吻合。并与实测岩体移动变形和应力测试数据进行对比，分析确定了 在深部岩体开挖中水平构造应力对岩体移动变形影响明显，并且其影响范围很大。同时， 分析确定了在浅部岩体开挖中的岩体移动变形则是主要是由自重应力引起的，并总结出 其应力分布变化规律和针对山区隧道围岩支护问题，拟定加固措施。 在实测数据和模拟计算结果的基础上，从岩体岩性、地质构造和开挖方法三个方面 分析了地应力对深部和浅部工程开挖岩体移动变形作用机理分析。根据这些机理分析， 总结不同深度不同因素在地应力对岩体移动变形的影响，对以后控制工程开挖的岩体移 动变形有参考意义。 关键词 地应力 套孔应力解除法 ANSYS 数值反演 工程开挖 II II Abstract Abstract Firstly, methods for situ stress measurements are summarized in this article, by testing in Xiaoguanzhuang Iron mine and Taipingliang tunnel. According to a large number of measured data, the applicability of overcoring stress relief method and Bolt stress meter method using respectively in of the deep and shallow excavation is discussed. The measured data showed that the stress field in the deep rock mainly consists of horizontal tectonic stress and of gravity in the shallow rock. Numerical simulation and analytical calculation for stress test area is done by using ANSYS and Matlab software respectively, and the results are very consistent with the measured data. Compared with the measured deformation and stress test data, we can conclude that influence of tectonic stress on movement and deformation in the deep mining is very obvious, and the affected areas are large. And the fact that movement and deformation in the shallow excavation is mainly caused by the gravity stress has been proved, and summed up the laws of stress .And the reinforcing measures is developed for the problem of mountain tunnel support.. On the basis of the measured data and simulation results, the deformation mechanism of deep and shallow excavation is analyzed from three aspects: the characteristics of Rock mass, geological structure and excavation methods. According to the analysis of these mechanisms, Influences of depths and other factors on the of rock mass is summa