“破坏安全”结构抗震理念及其应用.pdfVIP

曲哲，1 叶列平，2009. “破坏-安全”结构抗震理念及其应用. 4 （3 ）：241—255. “破坏-安全”结构抗震理念及其应用 1 曲哲 叶列平 （清华大学土木工程系，教育部结构工程与振动重点实验室，北京100084） 摘要：目前我国房屋建筑抗震采用的以小震弹性计算为基础的设计方法，使工程师忽视了对 建筑结构在强烈地震作用下破坏模式的充分考虑与设计，使得建筑结构的大震安全性有时难 以保证。“破坏-安全”抗震理念，是以房屋建筑最重要的抗震安全性能为目标，首先要求设 计人员对结构的预期破坏模式有充分的把握和控制，并使结构在强烈地震作用下能够形成明 确的预期破坏模式并具备一定的耗能能力，从而以经济的代价保证结构其余部分在强烈地震 作用下的安全。本文结合我国汶川地震灾后恢复重建与加固改造的实际情况，介绍了“破坏 -安全”抗震理念及其设计概念，并介绍了国内外研究人员与工程人员在实现“破坏-安全” 抗震理念方面所提出的创新抗震结构体系及其研究成果。希望该能够实现最重要的抗震安 全、且经济合理的结构抗震理念和相关技术能够在我国推广应用，以全面提高我国经济欠发 达地区房屋建筑的抗震安全性。 关键词：房屋建筑；结构体系；破坏-安全；破坏模式；耗能 Fail-safe seismic design and its applications Qu Zhe, Ye Lieping (Key Laboratory of Structural Engineering and Vibration of China Education Ministry Department of Civil Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China) Abstract: The current design method in the seismic design code takes the structural elastic response subjected to minor earthquakes as the basis for structural design. This makes engineers tend to pay little attention to designing and controlling the structural failure mechanism under rare earthquakes. Thus, the seismic safety of building structures subjected to rare earthquakes is not always guaranteed. The fail-safe design aims at the seismic safety, the most important seismic performance of building structures. It requires the engineers to fully understand the damage and failure behavior of the structure to be designed. By achieving the carefully chosen failure mechanism, the structure is expected to gain adequate energy-dissipating capacity and survive rare earthquakes with acceptable cost. Focusing on the rehabilitation of the Wenchuan earthquake, the basic concepts, as well as some recent development and ap