高中英语教学课件：01阅读理解之细节理解题.pptx

;年份;命题专家谈高考;根据表格分析可知，近年来阅读理解体裁以应用文、记叙文和说明文为主，议论文和新闻报道为辅，其中科普知识类和生态环保类的说明文更是考生的难题；题型考查中细节理解和推理判断题所占比重较大，词句猜测和主旨大意题所占比重较小。各类阅读理解中的长难句日益增多，因此，在复习备考中，我们应该着重从题型、体裁和微技能三方面进行高效复习。;;;1.特殊疑问句形式。以when，where，what，which，who，how much/many等疑问词引出问题。 2.判断是非形式。含有TRUE/FALSE，NOT true或EXCEPT等的判断是非问题。此时要注意题干中是否含有否定词，如not，never等。 3.以“According to...”开头的提问形式。 4.填空形式。如The biggest challenge for most mothers is from ________.;返 回;;解此类试题常用“定位比对”法。解题流程如下：;(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ·A片段) Late Work An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late.If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date，it will earn a zero.Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero.Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted.;23.What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date? A.You will receive a zero. B.You will lose a letter grade. C.You will be given a test. D.You will have to rewrite it.;细节理解题。一、在题干中标注定位词submit an essay one week after the due date，二、在原文中找出信息句，即Late Work部分“If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date，it will earn a zero”，三、比对选项与信息句，可知答案为A。;技法二　间接信息题——同义转换定答案 间接信息题常在记叙文、说明文或议论文中考查，会涉及“人与自我”“人与社会”和“人与自然”三大主题语境。;1.According to the author/passage，... 2.What can we learn about...? 此类试题相比直接信息题，命题的隐蔽性更强，正确选项一般都会在原文基础上进行改造。解答间接信息题时，要做到“两关注”“一防范”。“两关注”是指关注正确选项的两个特征：一是同义词替换或释义，即把文中的语言(词汇和结构)改头换面，来表达相同的意思；二是对文章信息的归纳。“一防范”是指防范干扰选项的逼真性，稍有不慎就会落入命题人设置的陷阱中。;解此类试题常用“同义转换”法。解题流程如下：;(2022·全国甲·B片段) Goffin’s cockatoos，a kind of small parrot native to Australasia，have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old.Though not known to use tools in the wild，the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage.In a recent experiment，cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it.The clear front of the box had a “keyhole” in a geometric shape，and the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from.Inserting the correct “key” would