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Flow of G ic Information
-replication
Transcription Reverse-transcription
(the process of -
directed RNA synthesis.)
RNA RNA-replication
(the process of RNA-
Translation directed RNA synthesis.)
PROTEIN
Why do we learn RNA synthesis?
➢RNAs have very different life spans in a cell.
➢ RNAs in eukaryotic cells are made as precursor molecules
that have to be processed into mature, active RNA.
➢Modulation of RNA synthesis results in altered rates of
protein synthesis and thus a variety of both metabolic and
phenotypic changes. This is how all organisms adapt to
changes of environment. It is also how differentiated cell
structures and functions are established and maintained.
➢Errors or changes in synthesis, processing, splicing, stability,
or function of mRNA transcripts are a cause of disease.
CONTENTS
1. RNA is synthesized from a tem te by an
RNA polymerase
tem te and RNA polymerase
2. RNA synthesis is a cyclical process & involves RNA
chain initiation, elongation, & termination
The process of transcription in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell
3. The fidelity & frequency of transcription is controlled
by proteins bound to certain sequences
The molecules involved in regulating transcription, luding
promoters, enhancers, and transcriptional factors
4. The eukaryotic transcription complex
The transcription of eukaryotic genes need many
proteins work together.
5. RNA molecules are processed before they e
functional
Intron, exon, splicing, rRNA and tRNA processing.
6. RNAs can be extensively modified
mRNA 5’ cap and 3’ polyadenylation
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