如何区分定语从句和同位语从句.pptxVIP

同位语从句 Appositive Clause;定语从句 1. They visited the house where Zhou Enlai once lived and worked. 先行词 the house 在定从中充当地点状语，所以用where连接；Zhou Enlai once lived and worked in the house. ★ 译文：他们去参观了（周恩来曾经居住和工作过的）房子。;同位语从句和定语从句很相似,但还是有区别的,区别主要在以下三方面:;同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt,truth,possibility,promise,order等抽象名词 而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分或是整个主句。如: ;The possibility that the majority of the labour force will work at home is often discussed. (同位语从句) We are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting.(同位语从句) ;The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room. 你找的那位医生在房间里面? (定语从句) His mother did all (that) she could to help him with his study.他妈妈尽她的最大努力帮助他的学习? (定语从句,代词all作先行词?) A five-year-old boy can speak two foreign languages,which surprises all the people present.　　 一个五岁男孩会讲两门外语,这令所有在场的人感到非常惊讶.　　析：由语境可知,令所有在场的人感到惊讶的内容是“一个五岁男孩会讲两门外语”这整个一件事,因此先行词为整个主句,此时应由 which 引导非限制性定语从句. ;定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴。 如:The news that our team has won the game was true. 我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的 (同位语从句,补充说明news到底是一个什么消息) The news that he told me yesterday was true. 昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的 (定语从句,news在从句中作told的宾语?) ;1. 有些引导词如how, whether, what可以引导同位语从句,但不能引导定语从句如: That question whether we need it has not been considered. 我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑 (同位语从句) I have no idea what has happened to him. 我不知道他发生了什么事(同位语从句);1.The news that our team has won the game was true.;;引导词that引导定语从句时,在从句中一般作主语或宾语(指物时还可以用which代替),并且作宾语时常常省略 that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用,不充当任何成分,并且不能省略,也不能用which来代替如: The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday. 我们应派几个人去帮别的几个小组的命令昨天收到了 (同位语从句,是对order的具体解释,that虽不作成分,但不能省略) The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups. 我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该派几个人去帮助别的几个小组 (定语从句,是名词order的修饰语,that在从句中作received的宾语,可以省略) ; I have a hope that all of you will go to college. 2. I hate the