初中英语2024届中考复习前缀后缀汇总.doc

PAGE 4 PAGE 0 中考英语前后缀汇总 一、前缀 前缀用在词根前面以改变词的意义，一般不改变词性。 1.否定前缀 un- unhappy, unusual, unfair, unlike, unfriendly, uncomfortable, uncrowded, uneasy, unexpected, unlucky, unbelievable, unable， unforgettable。 im- impolite, impossible。 in- inexpensive, incorrect, informal dis- dislike, disappointed, discover, discourage, dishonest, disappear, disbelief, disadvantage, disabled。 ir- irregular 2.其它前缀 re-(表示再，又） review, recycle, return, reuse, reusable, research inter-(表示在……之间，相互） interview, internet, international under-（表示低于） underwear, underground bi-（表示两） bicycle I don’t feel happy也可以说成I feel unhappy。 unlike是介词，dislike是动词，在使用时必须注意。 另外，含有否定前缀的词用在反义疑问句中，后面简短的一般疑问句照样要用否定的，如: 1.That’s impossible, isn’t it? 2.He feels unlucky, doesn’t he? 二、后缀 后缀用在词根后面以改变词性。 1.动词变成名词 在一个动词后面加上某一个后缀，使之变为名词。 ①动词+er/or/ist/ress（表示动作的执行者） +er teach-teacher, work-worker, read-reader, think-thinker, perform-performer, wait-waiter, sing-singer, play-player, cook-cooker, record-recorder, keep-keeper, listen-listener, farm-farmer, climb-climber, lead-leader, speak-speaker, report-reporter, clean-cleaner, help-helper 以e结尾的单词，+r write-writer, drive-driver, dance-dancer, ride-rider, rule-ruler, manage-manager, make-maker 重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母，元音发短音时，双写尾字母，再+er run-runner, win-winner, travel-travel(l)er +or visit-visitor, act-actor, invent-inventor, compete-competitor, translate-translator, direct-director +ist tour-tourist +ress wait-waitress, act-actress ②动词+tion act-action, suggest-suggestion, communicate-communication, invite-invitation, pollute-pollution, compete-competition, predict-prediction, invent-invention, prepare-preparation, protect-protection, celebrate-celebration, direct-direction, educate-education, examine-examination, inspire-inspiration, introduce-introduction, produce-production, graduate-graduation, pronounce-pronunciation ③动词+ing draw-drawing, paint-painting, build-building,say-saying ,cross-crossing, happen-happening, end-ending, mean-meaning, feel-feeling, begin-beginning, open-open