SurveyResearch英文版的教程.pptx

SurveyResearch英文版的教程 SurveysSurveys ask respondents for information using verbal or written questioning RespondentsRespondents are a representative sle of people Gathering Information via SurveysQuickInexpensiveEfficientAccurateFlexible ProblemsPoor DesignImproper Execution TotalerrorSystematicerror (bias)Random slingerrorTree Diagram of Total Survey Error Random Sling ErrorA statistical fluctuation that occurs because of change variation in the elements selected for the sle Systematic ErrorSystematic error results from some imperfect aspect of the research design or from a mistake in the execution of the research Systematicerror (bias)AdministrativeerrorRespondenterrorTree Diagram of Total Survey Error Sle BiasSle bias - when the results of a sle show a persistent tendency to deviate in one direction from the true value of the population parameter RespondenterrorNonresponseerrorResponsebiasTree Diagram of Total Survey Error Respondent ErrorA classification of sle bias resulting from some respondent action or inactionNonresponse BiasResponse Bias Nonresponse ErrorNonrespondents - People who refuse to cooperateNot-at-homesSelf-selection biasOverrepresents extreme positionsUnderrepresents indifferent Tree Diagram of Total Survey ErrorResponsebiasUnconsciousmisrepresentationDeliberatefalsification Response BiasA bias that occurs when respondents tend to answer questions with a certain slant that consciously or unconsciously misrepresents the truth Acquiescence biasExtremity biasInterviewer biasAuspices biasSocial desirability biasTree Diagram of Total Survey Error Acquiescence BiasA category of response bias that results because some individuals tend to agree with all questions or to concur with a particular position. Extremity BiasA category of response bias that results because response styles vary from person to person; some individuals tend to use extremes when responding to questions. Interviewer BiasA response bias that occurs because the presence of the inter