抗病优质籼型三系不育系旗5A的选育与应用-《福建农业科技》(2022年3期).docx

龙源版权所有 抗病优质籼型三系不育系旗5A的选育与应用作者：沈伟锋 潘德灼 刘玉芹 方珊茹来源：《福建农业科技》2022年第03期 摘 要：旗5A是福建省农业科学院水稻研究所利用抗病中间材料RB716与保持系旗2B杂交，从F4代中选择抗病优质的矮秆单株与旗2A测交，后代经过多次回交育成的野败籼型三系不育系。该不育系育性稳定，花粉不育度达 99.99%，米质达部颁《食用稻品种品质》标准二等，稻瘟病抗性鉴定综合评价为中抗。于2020年通过福建省农作物品种审定委员会审定。由该不育系配制的组合旗5优661和旗5优862表现株叶形态好，穗大粒多，抗倒性好，米质优，产量优势明显，于2020年通过福建省农作物品种审定委员会审定。 关键词：不育系;旗5A;抗稻瘟病;选育;繁殖 中图分类号：S 511 文献标志码：A 文章编号：0253-2301（2022）03-0045-05 DOI： 10.13651/j.cnki.fjnykj.2022.03.008 Breeding and Application of the Disease-resistant and High-qualityIndica Three-line Male Sterile Line Qi 5A SHEN Wei-feng， PAN De-zhuo， LIU Yu-qin， FANG Shan-ru* （Rice Research Institute， Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Fuzhou， Fujian 350019， China） Abstract： Qi 5A was a wild abortive indica three-line male sterile line which was crossbred by the disease-resistant intermediate material RB716 with the maintainer line Qi 2B by the Rice Research Institute of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences， by selecting the single plant with short stem， disease resistance and high quality from F4 generation to test cross with Qi 2A， and backcrossing the offspring for many times. The sterility of the male sterile line was stable， the pollen sterility reached 99.99%， the rice quality reached the second grade of the standard of edible rice variety quality issued by the Ministry， and the comprehensive evaluation of rice blast resistance was medium resistance. It was approved by Fujian Crop Variety Approval Committee in 2020. The combination Qi 5you 661 and Qi 5you 862 prepared by the male sterile line showed good plant leaf morphology， large panicles， many grains， good lodging resistance， high rice quality and obvious yield advantage， which were approved by Fujian Crop Variety Approval Committee in 2020. Key words： Sterile line; Qi 5A; Rice blast resistance; Breeding; Reproduction 三系杂交水稻的应用与推广为缓解中国的口粮问题，做出了巨大贡献[1]。目前，三系杂交水稻的选育以优质、绿色同时兼顾高产为重要方向[2-3]，其中的关键就在于选育出米质优、抗病性强以及异交率高的三系不育系[4-6]。我国籼型三系不育系的选育在优质、抗病以及高产方面取得不少成果[7-12]，一些优良不育系如宜香1A[13]、野香A[1