大学思辨英语教程精读4教学课件Unit_3.pptx

Unit 3 The Meaning of Life ;;;;Critical Thinking ;Lead in;Lead in;Background Knowledge;continued;Background Knowledge;(2) Text A is extracted from Frankl’s Man’s Search for Meaning. Scan the whole book and write a 100-word abstract. ;The third chapter “The Case for a Tragic Optism” is written as an addendum to his original manuscript. It mainly focuses on the method of finding meaning through suffering. He believes keeping an optimist minds allow people the opportunity to turn suffering into achievement when confronted with the worst of human conditions, On the whole, his theories support him to survive the concentration camp, and his experience reinforces and develops his theories.;(3) What do you know about the Auschwitz concentration camp? Search for information and note down some key facts about it.;(4) Reflect on your personal understanding of the meaning of life and give a one sentence statement.; ;1. What opposing views does Viktor Frankl anticipated from his opponents? How does he deal with them? ;“Reaction formation” and “sublimations” are two kinds of defense mechanism but they are of higher levels. Reaction formation is a defense process in which a person unconsciously develops attitudes and behavior that are the opposite of unacceptable repressed desires and impulses and serve to conceal them. For example, “his strict morality is just a reaction formation to hide his sexual drive”. Sublimation is a mature type of defense mechanism where socially unacceptable impulses or idealizations are unconsciously transformed into socially acceptable actions or behavior, ;possibly resulting in a long-term conversion of the initial impulse. Sigmund Freud believed that sublimation was a sign of maturity which allowed people to function normally in culturally acceptable ways. He defined sublimation as the process of deflecting sexual instincts into acts of higher social valuation. Frankl strongly disagreed with such arguments. He counter argued he would not live for