年产12万吨丁辛醇生产工艺设计.docxVIP

PAGE 64 年产12万吨丁辛醇的工艺设计 摘要 本设计是在原料丙烯与合成气羰基合成反应的基础上，在催化剂铑的催化下合成正丁醛。部分正丁醛通过碱催化剂发生自缩合合成辛烯醛，各醛类分别在Cu/Zn催化剂的催化下加氢合成醇。羰基合成采用低压羰基合成法，该方法反应条件温和，收率相对较高，设备损耗小，工艺成熟。首先利用带搅拌器的反应釜进行反应，再利用精馏塔将异构体进行分离提纯，提纯的正丁醛按实际生产配比分别送入加氢反应釜生成正丁醇，及缩合反应釜生成辛烯醛（2-乙基己烯醛），随后加氢生成辛醇（2-乙基己醇）。该工艺流程较短，原料消耗低，所需设备量少，产品灵活，更加适用于市场的变化。 由于工艺中各组分的相对挥发度相差较大，所以本工艺以精馏塔分离为主，其中粗辛醇采用先脱轻组分辛烯醛，再脱重组分的常压精馏分离工艺流程。本次的设计包括市场经济分析、工艺流程设计、物料衡算、热量衡算、设备选型、公用工程和环境保护等。丁辛醇在工业生产中是一种价值很高的化工原料，合理开发丁辛醇对经济发展和化工生产都具有重大意义。 关键词：丁辛醇；羰基合成；低压法；工艺设计 Process Design of 260,000 t/a Butanol and Octanol Abstract This design is based on the synthesis reaction of synthesis gas and propylene carbonyl, under the catalysis of rhodium catalyst to synthesize n-butyraldehyde. Some n-butyraldehyde undergoes self-condensation to synthesize octenal via an alkali catalyst, and each aldehyde is hydrogenated under the catalyst of Cu / Zn to synthesize alcohol. Carbonylation adopts low-pressure oxo synthesis method, which has mild reaction conditions, relatively high yield, low equipment loss and mature technology. First, use a reactor with agitator for reaction, and then use a rectification tower to separate and purify isomers. Purified n-butyraldehyde is sent to the hydrogenation reactor to produce n-butanol according to the actual production ratio, and the condensation reactor It produces octenal (2-ethyl-3-propyl acrolein), which is subsequently hydrogenated to produce octanol (2-ethylhexanol). The process is short, the raw material consumption is low, the amount of equipment required is small, the product is flexible, and it is more suitable for market changes. Because the relative volatility of the components in the process varies greatly, this process is basically based on the separation of the rectification tower. The crude octanol is separated by the atmospheric pressure rectification separation of the light component octenal and the heavy component Process flow. This design includes market economic analysis, process flow, material balance calculation, h