在职攻读硕士学位MPA英语考试培训教学PPT课件.ppt

5.3 状语从句 原因状语 Chapter Two：基础语法讲解 1.because/as/since引导的原因状语从句 引导原因状语从句的连词主要有because，as，since。because表示原因的语气最强，通常用于回答以疑问词why引导的疑问句，除特别强调外，该从句一般位于主句后面。as和since（较正式）表示的原因语气较弱，其原因多少是对方知道的，引出的原因状语从句通常放在句首。 （ ） the weather was fine, I opened all the windows. A．As B．Because of C．For D．With 2.now that/seeing that/considering (that)/in that引导的原因状语从句 Now (that) you are ready, we'll start working at once. Seeing that this problem was settled, they proceeded to the next one. Criticism and self-criticism is necessary in that it helps to correct our mistakes. They did the job quite well considering (that) they had no experience. ※for表示原因的句子，有时可和because互相替换，不能用于句首。 5.3 状语从句 目的状语 Chapter Two：基础语法讲解 1. so that/in order that引导的目的状语从句 以上两者均表示“为了”、“以便”。在现在时的从句里，谓语动词常为may，can或will；在过去时的从句中，一般用could或should，might含义较正式，有时也可用would。引出目的状语从句时，so that最常见，in order that常用于正式文体。另外，in order that引起的从句可位于主句前面或后面，so that引起的从句只可位于主句之后。 2.in case/lest/for fear that引导的目的状语从句 以上3个连词也可以引导一个相当于目的状语的从句，表示“以防”、“以免”。从句中动词可用虚拟语气，形式为should+原形动词；如不用虚拟语气，要用一般现在时或一般过去时。 She took John's address with her, in case she should have（或had) time to see him when she was in London． Batteries must be kept in dry places in case(= lest, for fear that) electricity should leak(或leaks) away. 5.3 状语从句 结果状语 Chapter Two：基础语法讲解 1.so…that/such…that 引导的结果状语从句 2.so that/that/so引导的结果状语从句 so后面须接形容词或副词，such后面可接名词也可单独作表语，表示由此程度而导致某种结果。 They missed the bus, so that they were late for class. ※区分so that引起的从句是表示结果还是表示目的，除了根据上下文以外，还可从形式上来加以判断。so that引起结果状语时，该从句前面常常有逗号。so that引起目的状语时，该从句中常常使用may( might)，can(could)，should和would等情态动词。 He went early, so that he got a good seat.（结果） He went early so that he could get a good seat.（目的） 5.3 状语从句 让步状语 Chapter Two：基础语法讲解 while有时也可引导一个让步状语从句，但一般只用于句首。 让步状语从句有时也可转换成一个含有as或though的部分倒装结构，含有强调的意思。 whatever（whenever…）/no matter what（when…）引导的让步状语从句 While I like the color of the hat, I don't like its shape. Child as( =though) he is, he can speak t