托福写作定语从句应用.ppt

句子类型;Ⅰ.简单句;Nobody went. She became a doctor. The car caught fire. I will write you a long letter. I will let him go. ;句子成分;Ⅱ.并列句;名词性从句;定语从句; The boy who always forgets to do his homework is my brother . 定语从句三要素： 1.先行词（被修饰的词）：人、物、时间、地点、原因、句子 2.关系词：人who/whom/that/whose; 物which/that; 时间when;地点 where; 原因why; 句子which/as 3.从句;一、修饰人：先行词在从句中做主语，关系词不能省，作宾语则可省 例：1. I ran into the girl who/that secretly make eyes at me in class yesterday. 2. He is the teacher (who/whom/that) I admire. 3. I hate those girls whose nostrils are big. 4. The room whose door was broken is my classroom. 5. She is the friend with whom I can share secret . whom/who I can share secret with 1. 他就是那个托福考80分的学生。 2.刚和你聊天的那个外国人是我的学生。 3.家里有钱的孩子都没有吃过苦。 The kids whose families are rich never experience hardships. ;二、修饰物：;只能使用that,不用which/who 的情况： (1)先行词是all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代词时。 All that he said is true. (2)先行词被only, no, any, all,many, much等词修饰时。 He is the only foreigner that has been to that place. (3)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。 He was the second (person) that told me the secret. (4)先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。 This is the best book (that) I have read this year. (5)先行词既包括人又包括物时。 He talked about the people and the things that he remembered. (6) 先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last修饰时 This will be the last chance that he can get.这将会是他得到的唯一机会。 (7).当主句是以who，which开头的特殊疑问句或先行词是who时。 Which is the book that he bought from the library yesterday? 哪本是你们昨天从图书馆借的书？;三、修饰时间状语 when=介词+which;四、修饰地点 ;五、修饰原因;限制性定语从句：对不确定的先行词加以限制，表示“……的人（或东西）。 例：The man who robbed him has been arrested. 非限制性定语从句：对已知先行词补充说明，用逗号隔开。非限制性定语从句拿掉以后，对剩下的部分并没有多大的影响。不能用that,why引导。 Peter, who had been driving all day, suggested stopping at the next town.;翻译： 1.学校旁边的酒店提供非常好的服务。 The hotel that is near the school provides good service. 2.假日酒店在学校旁边，它提供非常好的服务。 The Holiday Inn, which is near the school, provides very service. 3.亲密敌人是由徐静蕾导演的，是一部成功的商业片。 Dear Enemy, which is directed by Xu, is a successful comme