毕业设计（论文）-单片机模拟交通灯控制系统设计.doc

单片机模拟交通灯控制系统设计 PAGE 28 摘要 本论文是以十字路口交通灯的控制系统为研究对象，以交通控制基本理论为基础，运用单片机技术原理和应用，对智能交通灯控制系统进行分析研究并做出模拟应用。文章论述了基于STC89C52单片机的交通灯控制系统，以STC89C52作为系统的控制元件，实现发光二极管点亮、数码管倒计时显示以及中断和监测车流量等功能。该系统设计了红绿灯转换、车辆通行倒计时显示，并设计了可监测车流量的控制模块。通过对现有各种方案的分析，采用了槽型光耦管来实现对车流量的监测，以单片机作为核心器件来控制电路各部分的工作。电路主要包括：单片机主控模块、车流量监测模块、红绿灯及倒计时显示模块等。本系统简单模拟现有的交通灯系统，并设置简单的监测的车流量模块，可以对路况进行简单的分析，从而调节交通灯的时间。本系统实用性强、操作简单、扩展功能强。 关键词 ： 单片机；车流量；交通灯 Abstract In this thesis, according to basic traffic engineering theory, combined with current technology and application of microcontroller, which does detai analysis and research on intelligent traffic lights control system. This article discusses traffic lights control systems based on STC89C52 microcontroller, which can display different time of traffic lights in accordance with the actual traffic flow, and achieve the purpose of intelligent control of traffic. Through to the analysis of the existing scheme, the infrared to the traffic to achieve the monitoring, with the single chip processor as the core device to control circuit each part of work. The Circuit mainly includes: the single-chip microcomputer control module, traffic monitoring module, traffic lights and the countdown display module, etc. This system simple simulation existing traffic light system, and set up a simple monitoring traffic module, and the simple analysis of traffic, which regulates the traffic lights of time. This system is practical, and has simple operation and strong function in expansion. Key words: microcontroller；traffic flow；traffic lights 目录 TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l "_Toc" 1 引　言 5 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc" 1.1 概述 5 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc" 1.2 论文研究内容及要求 6 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc" 2 系统设计与原理图 6 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc" 2.1 方案的设计思路 6 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc" 2.2 系统的硬件设计 7 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc" 2.3 中央控制器 STC89C52及其外围电路的设计与分析 8 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc" 2.3.1 芯片STC89C52芯片简介 8 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc" 2.3.2 单片机时钟电路的设计 10 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc" 2.3.3 单片机复位电路的设计 10