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在龋齿预防的氟和他的作用FLUORIDE AND THEIR ROLE IN DENTAL CARIES PREVENTION国外优秀ppt精品课件
FLUORIDE AND THEIR ROLE IN DENTAL CARIES PREVENTIONFluorideCompound form of fluorine.A trace element, halogen.Very reactive gas.Not found in free elemental form in nature.Major source is from water – artesian wells.Found in soils rich in fluorspar, cryolite, and other minerals.FluorideAlso found in plants, food, and human – calcified structures (teeth and skeleton).Nutrient beneficial to dental health.Dietary sources - drinking waterWaterborne fluorides are the most important source of flouride for humans.Modern diets as a source of flouride.Use of fluoridated water in preparation of processed foods and beverages.For temperate climatesOptimal fluoride level: 1 ppm of fluoride.Dietary sources - drinking waterFor infants and young childrenIntake of 2 – 4 glasses of water: 0.5 – 1 mg of fluoride.For older children, adolescents and adultsIntake of 6 – 8 glasses of water: 1.5 – 2 mg of fluoride.Ingestion of fluoride greater than optimal levels in drinking water (2 ppm) cause fluorosis.Dietary sources - foodsFluoride in foods by adultsNonfluoridated communities: 1 mg/day.Fluoridated communities: 2 – 3 mg/day.Not known to be a significant factor in fluorosis (mottled enamel).Small amounts: fruits, vegetables, cereals.Rich amounts: seafoods and tea leaves.Dietary sources - foodsTable 1. Fluoride Concentration in Fresh Foods and BeveragesFoodRange of F in ppmBeer0.15 – 0.86Cereals0.18 – 2.8Citrus fruits0.07 – 0.17Coca Cola0.07CoffeeInstant (powder)0.2 – 1.61.7Fish without bone or skin1.0Fish meal80.0 – 250.0Milk0.04 – 0.55Noncitrus fruits0.03 – 0.84Sardines8.0 – 40.0Shrimp meat0.4Shrimp shell18.0 – 48.0TeaInstant (solution)Leaves0.1 – 2.00.275 – 110Vegetables and tubers0.02 – 0.9Wine0.0 – 6.3Metabolism - absorptionMajor site of absorption: stomach.Studies with animals suggest intestinal absorption also occurs.Soluble fluoride in drinking water is completely absorbed, whereas 50 – 80% of the fluoride in foods is absorbed.Metabolism - DistributionTeeth and skeleton have the hi
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