爱因斯坦生平简介.ppt

AlbertEinstein—Abrieflifestory

AlbertEinsteinwasborninUlm(乌尔姆市),intheKingdomofWürttemberg(符腾堡王国)intheGermanEmpireon14March1879.HisparentswereHermannEinstein,asalesmanandengineer,andPaulineKoch.In1880,thefamilymovedtoMunich(慕尼黑),wherehisfatherandhisunclefoundedacompanythatmanufacturedelectricalequipmentbasedondirectcurrent.EarlylifeandeducationAlbertEinsteinattheageof3(1882)1879，birth1880，movetoMunich

AlbertattendedaCatholicelementaryschoolfromtheageof5forthreeyears.Attheageof8,hewastransferredtotheLuitpoldGymnasium(卢伊波耳德中学)(nowknownastheAlbertEinsteinGymnasium),wherehereceivedadvancedprimaryandsecondaryschooleducationuntilheleftGermanysevenyearslater.EarlylifeandeducationAlbertEinsteinin1893(ageof14)1884-87，elementaryschool1887-1894，LuitpoldGymnasium

In1895,attheageof16,EinsteinsattheentranceexaminationsfortheSwissFederalPolytechnic(瑞士联邦理工学院)inZürich(苏黎世).Hefailedtoreachtherequiredstandardinthegeneralpartoftheexamination,butobtainedexceptionalgradesinphysicsandmathematics.OntheadviceoftheprincipalofthePolytechnic,heattendedtheArgoviancantonalschool(阿劳州立中学)(gymnasium)inAarau,Switzerland,in1895–1896tocompletehissecondaryschooling.Earlylifeandeducation1894，Italy1895，ArgoviancantonalschoolIn1894,hisfatherscompanyfailed.Insearchofbusiness,theEinsteinfamilymovedtoItaly,firsttoMilanandthen,afewmonthslater,toPavia(帕维亚,意大利西北部村镇).WhenthefamilymovedtoPavia,EinsteinstayedinMunichtofinishhisstudiesattheLuitpoldGymnasium.InJanuary1896,withhisfathersapproval,herenouncedhiscitizenshipintheGermanKingdomofWürttembergtoavoidmilitaryservice.1896，avoidmilitaryservice

InSeptember1896,hepassedtheSwissMatura(会考)withgoodgrades.Thoughonly17,heenrolledinthefour-yearmathematicsandphysicsteachingdiplomaprogram