江西理工大学英语三考试题库 .pdfVIP

ShellshockduringWorldWarOne

AOn7July1916,ArthurHubbardpainfullysetpentopaperinanattempttoexplaintohis

motherwhyhewasnolongerinFrance.Hehadbeentakenfromthebattlefieldsanddepositedin

theEastSuffolkandIpswichHospitalsufferingfrom“shellshock”.Inhiswords,hisbreakdown

wasrelatedtowitnessing“aterriblesightthatIshallneverforgetaslongasIlive”.Hetoldhis

mother:

B“Wehadstrictordersnottotakeprisoners,nomatterifwounded.MyfirstjobwaswhenIhad

finishedcuttingsomeoftheirwireaway,toemptymymagazine(弹仓)on3Germansthatcame

outofoneoftheirdeepdugouts(防空壕),bleedingbadly,andputthemoutofmisery.Theycried

formercy,butIhadmyorders,theyhadnofeelingwhateverforuspoorchaps...itmakesmyhead

jumptothinkaboutit.

CHubbardhadgoneoverthetop(跳出战壕)attheBattleoftheSomme.Whilehemanagedto

fightasfarasthefourthlineoftrenches,by3.30p.mpracticallyhiswholebattalionhadbeen

wipedoutbyGermanartillery.Hewasburied,dughimselfout,andduringthesubsequentretreat

wasalmostkilledbymachinegunfire.Withinthislandscapeofhorror,hecollapsed.

DArthurHubbardwasoneofmillionsofmenwhosufferedpsychologicaltraumaasaresultof

theirwarexperiences.Symptomsrangedfromuncontrollablediarrhea(腹泻)tounrelenting

anxiety.Soldierswhohadbayoneted(用刺刀刺)meninthefacedevelopedhystericaltics(抽搐)

oftheirownfacialmuscles.Stomachcrampsseizedmenwhoknifedtheirfoesintheabdomen.

Snipers(狙击手)losttheirsight.Terrifyingnightmaresofbeingunabletowithdrawbayonetsfrom

theenemiesbodiespersistedlongaftertheslaughter.

EThedreamsmightoccur“rightinthemiddleofanordinaryconversation”when“thefaceofa

Boche(德国兵)thatIhavebayoneted,withitshorriblegurgleandgrimace(怪相),co