高等固体物理.pdf

  1. 1、本文档共56页,可阅读全部内容。
  2. 2、原创力文档(book118)网站文档一经付费(服务费),不意味着购买了该文档的版权,仅供个人/单位学习、研究之用,不得用于商业用途,未经授权,严禁复制、发行、汇编、翻译或者网络传播等,侵权必究。
  3. 3、本站所有内容均由合作方或网友上传,本站不对文档的完整性、权威性及其观点立场正确性做任何保证或承诺!文档内容仅供研究参考,付费前请自行鉴别。如您付费,意味着您自己接受本站规则且自行承担风险,本站不退款、不进行额外附加服务;查看《如何避免下载的几个坑》。如果您已付费下载过本站文档,您可以点击 这里二次下载
  4. 4、如文档侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权、侵犯人身权等,请点击“版权申诉”(推荐),也可以打举报电话:400-050-0827(电话支持时间:9:00-18:30)。
查看更多
Chapter 5: Thermal Properties of Crystals The heat capacity at constant volume is defined as CV =(¶U/¶T)V where U is the energy and T the temperature. The contribution of the phonons to the heat capacity of a crystal is called the lattice heat capacity and is denoted by Clat . The total energy of the phonons at a temperature T (=k T) in a crystal is the sum of the energy over all B phonon modes: I. Phonon heat capacity U = S S U = S S (<n >+1/2) ħ w , K p K,p K p K,p K,p where <nK,p> is the thermal equilibrium occupancy of phonons of wavevector K and polarization p. The form of <nK,p> is given by the nck distri- bution function: w <n >=1 exp( ) -1 k T B where the <…> denotes the average in thermal equilibrium. 1. nck Distribution 分析对象: a set of identical harmonic oscillators in thermal equilibrium. 基本思路:t=kB T 1. 第n个激发的量子态,其几率: N ∝exp(-nħw / t) n 2. The ratio of the number of oscillators in their (n+1)th quantum state of excitation to the number in the nth quantum state is N / N =exp(- ħ w/ t) (Boltzmann factor), n+1 n The fraction of the total number of oscillators in the nth quantum state is: N / S N = exp(-nħw / t)/ S p(-sħw / t) n s s 1. nck Distribution The average excitation quantum number of an oscillator is (一个谐振子的平均量子数)  p( -sw/ k T ) s B 分母是一个等比数列, <n >= exp(-sw/ k T ) 且比例小于1

文档评论(0)

159****9610 + 关注
实名认证
内容提供者

该用户很懒,什么也没介绍

版权声明书
用户编号:6044052142000020

1亿VIP精品文档

相关文档