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机械工程专业英语English In Mechanical Engineering Prepared by Xiaomin Dong From College of Mechanical Engineering Chongqing University 46 Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing Computer-aided design(CAD)involves the use of computers to create design drawings and product models. Computer-aided design is usually associated with interactive computer graphics(known as a CAD system). Computer-aided design systems are powerful tools and are used in the mechanical design and geometric modeling of products and components. In CAD,the drawing board is replaced by electronic input and output devices. When using a CAD system,the designer can conceptualize the object to be designed more easily on the Graphics screen and can consider alternative designs or modify a particular design quickly to meet the necessary design requirements or changes. The designer can then subject the design to a variety of engineering analyses and can identify potential problems (such as an excessive load or deflection).The speed and accuracy of such analyses far surpass what is available from traditional methods. 46 Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing Draft productivity rises dramatically. When something is drawn once,it never has to be drawn again. it can be retrieved from a library ,and can be duplicated, stretched, sized, and changed in many ways without having to be redrawn。Cut and paste techniques are used as labor-saving aids. CAD makes possible multiview 2D drawings ,and the drawings can be reproduced in different levels of reduction and enlargement. It gives the mechanical engineer the ability to magnify even the smallest of components to ascertain if assembled components fit properly. Parts with different characteristics,such as movable or stationary ,can be assigned different colors on the display. Designers have even more freedom with the advent of 3-D parts and manipulate them in endless variations to achieve the desired results. Through finite element analysis ,stresses
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