物流英语Ch8PPT课件.ppt

Material Handling;chapter outline(1);chapter outline(2);chapter outline(3);Introduction of aterial Handling Systems Material handling equipments and systems often represent a major capital investment for an organization. Like the decisions related to the number, size, and location of warehouses, material handling can affect many aspects of the firm’s operation. The Material Handling Institute, an industry trade association for manufacturers of material handling equipments and systems, has estimated that: ; The hardware and software used to move, store, control, contain, and unitize materials in factories and warehouses exceed $50 billion annually. Much of the growth in size and variety of the market is fueled by major changes in the requirements of warehouse and distribution operations (e.g., reduced order cycle times, reduced inventory levels, reduced order sizes, SKU proliferation).;Types of Material Handling Systems Material handling system can be classified as mechanized, semi-automated, automated, and information-directed. A combination of labor and handling equipment is utilized in mechanized systems to facilitate receiving, processing, and/or shipping. Generally, labor constitutes a high percentage of overall cost in mechanized handling. ; Automated systems, in contrast, attempt to minimize labor as much as possible by substituting equipment capital investment. When a combination of mechanical and automated systems is used to handle material，the system is referred to as semi-automated. An information-directed system applies computerization to sequence mechanized handling equipment and direct work effort. Mechanized handling systems are most common, but the use of semi-automated and automated systems is increasing.; The main drawback to automated handling is lack of flexibility. One factor contributing to low logistical productivity is that information- directed handling has not yet to achieve its full potential. This situa