托福写作高分名词化表达.docxVIP

智课网TOEFL备考资料 托福写作高分名词化表达   曾经一个针对中国几所顶尖大学的优秀作文的调查显示，20 篇优秀作文中名词化的使用频率为7%-8%，而普通习作的使用频率仅为5%-6%。与此同时，选用了20 篇英语国家学生的英语作文，同样的方法统计出其名词化的使用频率为10%-15%。有人更是戏说道，老外眼中句子分为3个档次，最差的是主动句，较好的是被动句，倒装句等，最好的nominalization(名词化)的句子，这样的句子最学术最适合写论文。那么面对这样的差异，我们需要重新审视我们写作中的思维方式，做到如何恰到好处又不“画蛇添足”。  简单说，名词化即是动词或形容词被用作名词的现象。比如动词转成名词：discovery-discovery， move-movement， refuse-refusal，又比如形容词转成名词：careless-carelessness， difficult-difficulty， intense-intensity。那么什么情况下，我们需要进行名词化呢?  A 谓语动词的宾语部分  原句：I do not know either what she meant or what he intends.  名词化：I do not know either her meaning or his intentions.  B 结合被动形式  原句：If people decide without enough persuasive information，...  名词化：If a decision is made without enough persuasive information，...  C 取代诸如从句中“the fact that”的用法  原句：The fact that I denied what he accused me of impressed the jury.  名词化：My denial of his accusations impressed the jury.  更好的名词化：a. When I denied his accusations， I impressed the jury.  b. In denying his accusations， I impressed the jury.  D 名词化部分用在there is/are的后面  原句：We demand that the government stop taxing entertainment.  名词化：There is a demand for an end to taxation on entertainment.  原句：The floods considerably eroded the land.  名词化：There was considerable erosion of the land from the floods.  然而，有些时候，在我们的思维方式中认为理所应当使用“名词化”时，老外认为是没有必要的。比如：  A 名词化部分跟在动词后面  原句(名词化“冗余”)：The police conducted an investigation into the matter.  改后：The police investigated the matter.  B 名词化部分作为主语  原句：Our discussion is concerned with a tax cut.  改后：We discussed a tax cut.  C 连续进行名词化  原句：a. First， she reviewed the evolution of the dorsal fin.  b. There was a first a review of the evolution of the dorsal fin.  改后：First， she reviewed how the dorsal fin evolved.  D 连接部分名词化  原句：Their cessation of hostili