黑曲霉作为细胞工厂：知识准备与技术基础.pdfVIP

生 物 工 程 学 报 Chin J Biotech 2010, October 25; 26(10): 1410−1418 Chinese Journal of Biotechnology ISSN 1000-3061 cjb@ ©2010 CJB, All rights reserved. 细胞工厂的优化 黑曲霉作为细胞工厂：知识准备与技术基础 郭艳梅，郑平，孙际宾 中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所，天津 300308 摘 要: 黑曲霉是一种重要工业微生物，在酶制剂、异源蛋白、有机酸等领域应用广泛。2007 年黑曲霉基因组的公布 将黑曲霉的研究引入后基因组时代，各种组学数据如雨后春笋般涌现，人们对黑曲霉高效生产机制的理解上升到系统、 分子层次；与此同时，黑曲霉遗传操作系统也不断成熟，为系统地研究和改造黑曲霉、将黑曲霉打造成通用细胞工厂 奠定了基础。 关键词: 黑曲霉，细胞工厂，系统生物学，遗传操作系统 Aspergillus niger as a potential cellular factory: prior knowledge and key technology Yanmei Guo, Ping Zheng, and Jibin Sun Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China Abstract: Aspergillus niger is an important industrial workhorse with extensive application in the sectors of industrial enzymes, heterogeneous proteins, organic acids and etc. The disclosure of its genomic sequence to the public brought the study of A. niger into the post-genomic era. Diverse omic data are being produced massively and rapidly, which largely upgrades our understanding to the hyperproduction mechanism of A. niger to a systems and molecular level. At meanwhile, its genetic operating system is becoming mature, which enables genome-scale genetic perturbation within A. niger . In conclusion, we are on the right way to redesign and engineer A. niger to an omnipotent cellular factory. Keywords: Aspergillus niger , cellular factory, systems biology, genetic operating system 1 概述 生物，在工业酶制剂、有机酸发酵方面应用广泛。 可生产淀粉酶、酸性蛋白酶、纤维素酶、果胶酶、 黑曲霉是一种广泛存在于自然界的腐生真菌， 葡萄糖氧化酶等超过30 种酶制剂。因为黑曲霉出色 其分生孢子头呈褐黑色放射状，分生孢子梗长短不 的蛋白质分泌能力，黑曲霉也被开发为通用的异源蛋 一。顶囊球形，双层小梗 ( 图 1)，多见于粮食、植 白表达载体。黑曲霉是柠檬酸、葡糖酸和没食子酸 物性产品和土壤中。