法律多元论文：法律多元视野下禁忌与法关系问题研究.doc

法律多元论文：法律多元视野下禁忌与法关系问题研究 【中文摘要】法人类学者对亚洲、非洲、拉丁美洲等原始部落居民法文化的研究,逐渐拉开了法律多元理论的序幕。所谓法律多元是指在否认统一的法律模式的同时,承认在每个社会中都存在与群体多样性相适应的法律结构的多样性,它们相互独立、相互渗透又相互依赖。此理论颠覆了人们的正统法学常识,否认了国家法作为法的唯一性或者说否认了西方法在世界各民族中的普适性,学者开始着力关注国家法系统之外的非国家法系统,如“习惯法”、“传统法”、“初民法”等。笔者试图在此理论的场地中探讨禁忌与法的关系问题。禁忌是一种最早、最特殊的规范形式,在早期的人类社会中发挥着社会调解的功能,以至于禁忌常常被视为“法律的最早源头”、“人类最古老的无形法律”。本文将以我国少数民族禁忌文化为例,系统探讨禁忌与法作为一种约束文化的会通之处,阐明禁忌与法起源的关系,论证禁忌是否是一种习惯法等问题。本文分为三个部分展开论述:第一部分主要论述法律多元视野下法的一般理论问题。本部分将首先介绍法律多元理论的涵义;然后阐述我国历史上古代中央王朝对少数民族法律治理过程中形成的多元法文化格局,以及现今我国法学界对法律多元理论的研究与实践;最后简要说明法的一般理论问题,包括法与习惯法的概念、法的起源。第二部分主要是探析禁忌与法起源问题。首先,从禁忌的起源入手交代禁忌的本质性问题;其次,以经验事实为据论述禁忌与法的起源问题包括法起源于禁忌的经验论证、逻辑明证以及禁忌在成文习惯法中的吸收。第三部分阐述禁忌对我国少数民族社会治理的法律调控,主要包含三个方面的内容:禁忌对我国少数民族社会的刑事法律调控;禁忌对我国少数民族婚姻关系的调控;禁忌对我国少数民族自然生态环境的保护作用。 【英文摘要】Beginning to research the primitive tribe residents legal culture, the legal anthropologists started the legal multivariate theory prologue gradually. The mean of legal multivariate theory is that it denies unified legal mode, believe that there are diversities of legal structure which adapt to the population diversity in each society, and among the legal structures they are mutual independent, interinfiltration and interdependence. The theory overturned the orthodox common sense, denied the uniqueness of state law, and repudiate the universality of western law in other nations of the world. Scholars started to focus on the national law system, such as揷ustomary law?搕raditional law?損rimitive law攁nd so on. The author tries to discussed the problem of the relationship between the taboo and law in the field of the legal multivariate theory. Taboo is an earliest and the most special Canonical form, which played a function of the social mediation in the early human society. It was assumed that taboo is the earliest source of law and one of the oldest human intangible law in the educational world. Based on the national minority taboo culture as an example, the paper will explore common between the taboo and law as a kind of constraint cultu