大专毕业设计——CA6140普通车床的数控化改造设计.docVIP

前言 茂名职业技术学院 PAGE 29 CA6140普通车床的数控化改造设计 摘要 CA6140普通车床是金属切削加工中最常用的一类机床，当工件随主轴回转时，通过刀架的纵向移动和横向移动，车床能加工出内外圆柱面，圆锥面，端面，螺纹面等。普通车床刀架纵向和横向的进给运动由主轴的回转运动经挂轮传递而来，通过进给箱变速后，由光杆或丝杆带动溜板箱，纵溜板，横溜板移动。进给参数要靠手工预先调整好，如果要改变参数，则要停车进行操作。 对CA6140普通车床进行数控化改造，主要是将纵向和横向进给系统改造成为CNC装置控制的能独立运动的进给伺服系统，将刀架改造成能自动换刀的回转刀架。这样，利用CNC装置，车床就可以按预先输入的加工程序进行切削加工。数控化改造后的车床就可以加工出各种形状复杂的回转零件，并能实现多工序自动切削，从而提高生产效率和加工精度，还能适应小批量，多品种复杂零件的加工。 关键词：进给伺服系统，回转刀架  CONVENTIONAL LATHE'S NUMERICAL CONTRAL TRANSFORMATION DESIGNS ABSTRACT The conventional lathe is in the metal removal processing a most commonly used kind of engine bed, when the work piece rotates along with the main axle, through tool rest's longitudinal shift and the derailing, the lathe can process in the outer annulus cylinder, the circular conical surface, the end surface, the flank of thread and so on. The conventional lathe tool rest longitudinal and the crosswise feed motion after hangs a round transmission by main axle's gyroscopic motion to come, after gear box speed change, leads the apron by the polished rod or the lead screw, vertical apron, horizontal apron migration. To feed parameter must depend on the presetting manually, if must change the parameter, then must stop carries on the operation. Makes the numerical control transformation to the conventional lathe, is mainly transforms into longitudinal and the cross feed system the CNC installment control to be able the independence movement to feed server, transforms the tool rest can trade knife's turret saddle automatically. Thus, uses the CNC installment, the lathe may according to the processing program which inputs in advance carry on the machining. After the numerical control transformation's lathe may process each kind of shape complex rotation components, and can realize the multi-working procedures to cut automatically, thus enhancement production efficiency and working accuracy, but can also adapt the small batch, multi-variety complex parts processing. Key words: to fe