中西文化比较 第2版 unit 1 The Chinese and Western Philosophy.ppt

Translation? Keys 1. Confucianism Confucianism is the most influential school of thoughts and the mainstream ideology in ancient China. Confucianism had been one of the dominant ideologies of the feudal ruling class since the Han Dynasty. The core of Confucianism is actually a kind of humanism. It advocates self-cultivation, and believes that human beings are teachable and improvable. A grand goal of Confucianism is to achieve a harmonious society in which each individual plays his or her part well, and maintains a good relationship with others. Translation? 汉译英 2.中华传统文化 早在 2000 多年前，以孔孟为代表的儒家和以老庄为代表的道家，以及其他许多重要的思想流派就已经出现了。这就是有名的“诸子百家”。中华民族传统文化有许多珍贵品质。比如，强调仁爱，强调群体，强调天下为公。所有这些对家庭、国家和社会起到了巨大的维系与调节作用。 Translation? Keys 2. Traditional Chinese Culture More than 2,000 years ago, there emerged in China Confucianism represented by Confucius and Mencius, Taoism represented by Laozi and Zhuangzi, and many other important schools of theory, all being covered by the famous term “the Hundred Schools of Thought”. The traditional Chinese culture presents many precious qualities. For example, they lay stress on the importance of kindness and love inhuman relations, on the interest of the community, and on the idea that the world is for all. All of these qualities have played a great role in binding and regulating the family, the country, and the society. Translation? 英译汉 1. Friedrich Nietzsche Raised to be a Lutheran minister, Friedrich Nietzsche no doubt disappointed his mother when he declared “God is dead”. Nietzsche was an extremely complex thinker who wrote on a wide variety of subjects, but his most controversial arguments concern morality. Arguing that Western civilization has lost any real faith in a higher power, Nietzsche claimed that we need to toss off the antiquated morality and embraced our natural creative powers more fully. It is a challenge to readers to be brave enough to live rich, full lives. Translation? Keys 1. 弗里德里