基于单片机的烟雾报警控制系统设计.docx

摘 要 在日常生活的很多场所均需要进行相应的环境检测，为了及时发现温度过高和火灾引起的烟雾情况，本文设计了一套可用于对环境烟雾和温度进行检测的方案。该套设计方案采用51单片机作为系统的主控芯片，搭配LCD显示屏、DS18B20温度传感、MQ-2烟雾检测传感器、声光报警以及其他外围I/O设备，通过方案论证，最终确定了本文方案。系统可以通过按键对阈值进行设定，当系统检测到的数据信息超过设定阈值时会启动声光报警。在对设计出的硬件系统进行测试时，分别对按键模块、显示模块、检测模块和声光报警模块进行了测试。通过模拟不同情况状态，得出的测试结果显示均达到了设计要求。 关键词：温度检测；烟雾检测；声光报警；阈值设定  Abstract Corresponding environmental inspections are required in many places in daily life. In order to detect excessive temperature and smoke caused by fires in time, this paper designs a set of solutions that can be used to detect environmental smoke and temperature. This design scheme uses 51 single-chip microcomputer as the main control chip of the system, with LCD display, DS18B20 temperature sensor, MQ-2 smoke detection sensor, sound and light alarm and other peripheral I/O devices. Through the demonstration of the scheme, this paper is finally determined. Program. The system can set the threshold by pressing the button. When the data information detected by the system exceeds the set threshold, an audible and visual alarm will be activated. When testing the designed hardware system, the button module, display module, detection module and sound and light alarm module were tested respectively. By simulating different conditions, the test results obtained show that they have reached the design requirements. Keywords: temperature detection; smoke detection; sound and light alarm; threshold setting  目 录 TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u 1 绪论 1 1.1 论文研究的背景及意义 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 1 1.3 本文主要研究内容及章节安排 1 2 系统方案论证 3 2.1 系统设计方案 3 2.2 主控模块选型 3 2.3 温度传感器 4 2.4 气体检测传感器 5 2.5 ADC芯片选择 5 3 硬件电路设计 7 3.1 单片机 7 3.1.1 单片机最小系统 7 3.1.2 系统时钟电路 7 3.1.3 系统复位电路 8 3.1.4 中断系统 8 3.2 温度传感器模块电路图 9 3.3 烟雾浓度检测传感器模块 9 3.4 显示模块电路 10 3.5 报警模块 10 4 系统软件设计 12 4.1 系统设计软件 12 4.1.1 Altium Designer 12 4.1.2 Keil C51 12 4.2 软件设计流程图 12 4.2.1 主函数流程图 12 4.2.2 传感器模块流程图 13 4.2.3 显示模块流程图 13 4.2.4 按键模块流程图 14